高温时效处理对<strong>S31042</strong>耐热钢组织和蠕变性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00109

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (1): 82-94 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00109

研究论文

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高温时效处理对S31042耐热钢组织和蠕变性能的影响

郭倩颖¹, 李彦默², 陈斌², 丁然¹, 余黎明¹, 刘永长¹(

)

^1.天津大学材料科学与工程学院水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室天津 300354
^2.中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所洛阳 471023

Effect of High-Temperature Ageing on Microstructure and Creep Properties of S31042 Heat-Resistant Steel

GUO Qianying¹, LI Yanmo², CHEN Bin², DING Ran¹, YU Liming¹, LIU Yongchang¹(

)

^1.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
^2.Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471023, China

引用本文:

郭倩颖, 李彦默, 陈斌, 丁然, 余黎明, 刘永长. 高温时效处理对S31042耐热钢组织和蠕变性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(1): 82-94.
Qianying GUO, Yanmo LI, Bin CHEN, Ran DING, Liming YU, Yongchang LIU. Effect of High-Temperature Ageing on Microstructure and Creep Properties of S31042 Heat-Resistant Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(1): 82-94.

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摘要:

以S31042奥氏体耐热钢为研究对象，采用短时高温时效处理后在700℃下对其进行长期蠕变性能测试。通过OM、SEM和TEM等手段表征了S31042钢蠕变过程析出相的类型和演化规律，并利用蠕变实验分析了高温时效处理对S31042钢高温性能的影响。结果表明，经1050℃时效10 h处理后，S31042钢组织中析出大量尺寸在100 nm左右的Z相，降低了固溶态S31042钢中合金元素Cr和Nb的过饱和度，减小了M₂₃C₆相的形核驱动力，将蠕变过程晶界上析出M₂₃C₆相的形态由连续的链状调控为断续的短棒状。短棒状M₂₃C₆相的形成能够在不影响材料塑性的前提下，增大晶界滑动的阻力，改善材料的持久塑性。

关键词 ： S31042钢, 时效, 蠕变, 析出相, 高温性能

Abstract：

S31042 steel is a typical 25Cr-20Ni-type austenitic heat-resistant steel with excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, and its creep rupture strength can be improved by the addition of Nb and N. This austenitic steel is widely used in superheater and reheater in ultrasupercritical power plants. At high temperatures, its performance is associated with the formation and evolution of Z, MX, and M₂₃C₆ phases. Till date, few studies have addressed the precipitation behavior of the Z phase in austenitic steel and the reinforcing mechanism of different M₂₃C₆ phases remains unclear. To clarify this, the ageing treatment of S31042 steel was performed at 1050^oC, and the evolution behavior, thermal stability, and strengthening mechanism of the precipitates during creep tests were investigated. Furthermore, the relation between precipitate evolution and high-temperature performance was elucidated via OM, SEM, TEM, and creep tests. The supersaturation degree of the alloying components in solution-treated S31042 steel decreased after ageing at 1050^oC and the driving force for M₂₃C₆ phase formation became smaller, resulting in a discontinuous distribution of the rod-like M₂₃C₆ phase along the austenite grain boundaries during the creep tests. At high stress levels, this discontinuous distribution of the rod-like M₂₃C₆ phase along the austenite grain boundaries increased the resistance to grain boundary sliding without changing the ductility, thus improving the rupture ductility of the steel. At low stress levels, the strengthening effects of the M₂₃C₆ phase discontinuously distributed along the austenite grain boundaries in aged steel were not as strong as those in solution-treated steel.

Key words： S31042 steel ageing creep rupture precipitate high-temperature performance

收稿日期: 2020-04-02

ZTFLH:

TG132.33

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U1660201)

作者简介: 郭倩颖，女，1987年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00109 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I1/82

图1 固溶态和时效态S31042钢样品显微组织的OM像、SEM像和EDS分析

图2 固溶态和时效态S31042钢样品中析出相的TEM像及EDS

图3 固溶态和时效态S31042钢700℃、200 MPa蠕变样品中晶内析出相的TEM像、HRTEM像及SAED花样

图4 固溶态和时效态S31042钢经700℃、200 MPa不同时长蠕变实验后晶内析出相的SEM像

图5 固溶态S31042钢经700℃、200 MPa蠕变505 h后晶界析出相的TEM像及SAED花样

图6 时效态S31042钢经700℃、200 MPa蠕变354 h后晶界析出相的TEM像及SAED花样

图7 固溶态和时效态S31042钢经700℃、200 MPa不同时长蠕变实验后晶界析出相的SEM像

图8 固溶态和时效态S31042钢样品在700℃不同应力条件下的蠕变曲线及蠕变应力-断裂时间关系

图9 固溶态和时效态S31042钢在不同应力条件下蠕变试样的断口形貌

图10 固溶态和时效态S31042钢在不同应力条件下蠕变试样的断口纵截面形貌

图11 固溶态和时效态S31042钢在700℃、200 MPa条件下蠕变样品的断口及断口附近组织形貌

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