含<strong>Cu</strong>马氏体时效不锈钢的组织与强韧性

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00599

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (5): 636-646 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00599

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢的组织与强韧性

王滨¹, 牛梦超², 王威³(

), 姜涛⁴(

), 栾军华⁵, 杨柯³

¹郑州大学河南先进技术研究院郑州 450003
²香港理工大学机械工程学系香港 999077
³中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
⁴中国航发北京航空材料研究院北京 100095
⁵香港城市大学材料科学与工程学系香港 999077

Microstructure and Strength-Toughness of a Cu-Contained Maraging Stainless Steel

WANG Bin¹, NIU Mengchao², WANG Wei³(

), JIANG Tao⁴(

), LUAN Junhua⁵, YANG Ke³

¹Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
²Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
³Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
⁴AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China
⁵Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

引用本文:

王滨, 牛梦超, 王威, 姜涛, 栾军华, 杨柯. 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢的组织与强韧性[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 636-646.
Bin WANG, Mengchao NIU, Wei WANG, Tao JIANG, Junhua LUAN, Ke YANG. Microstructure and Strength-Toughness of a Cu-Contained Maraging Stainless Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(5): 636-646.

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摘要:

通过XRD、SEM、EBSD、TEM和APT等手段系统研究了一种含Cu的Fe-Cr-Co-Ni-Mo系马氏体时效不锈钢在时效过程中析出相和逆转变奥氏体的演变规律及其对力学性能的影响。结果表明，时效过程中在基体中依次析出富Cu相和富Mo相，部分富Mo相依附于富Cu相形核长大。此外，随着时效时间的延长，逆转变奥氏体的含量增加，且逆转变奥氏体中的Cu和Ni含量逐渐升高，奥氏体机械稳定性增强，韧化作用提高。试样时效90 h后，材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到1270和1495 MPa，冲击功为81 J，断裂韧性为 102 MPa·m^1/2，与商用马氏体时效不锈钢相比，表现出更为优异的强韧性匹配。

关键词 ：马氏体时效不锈钢, 逆转变奥氏体, TRIP效应, 强韧性

Abstract：

An increase in strength often leads to a decrease in the ductility and toughness of maraging stainless steels; this phenomenon is known as the strength-ductility/toughness trade-off dilemma in structural materials. Some studies have found that the introduction of submicro/nanometer-sized retained or reverted austenite could mitigate the strength-ductility/toughness trade-off of high-strength maraging stainless steels. In this work, a novel strategy to accelerate austenite reversion by Cu addition in a Fe-Ni-Mo-Co-Cr maraging stainless steel was studied. In addition, the aging behavior and its effects on the mechanical properties of a Cu-containing Fe-Cr-Co-Ni-Mo maraging stainless steel were systematically studied. Transmission electron microscope characterizations showed that Cu- and Mo-rich phases precipitated from the steel matrix in sequence during the aging process; more specifically, a part of Mo-rich phase nucleated at the Cu-rich phase and then grew. Moreover, along with the segregation of Cu and Ni, reverted austenite was formed gradually. With an increase in the aging time, the stability of the reverted austenite increased, resulting in a substantial increase in its toughness. After aging for 90 h, the yield and tensile strengths of the steel reached 1270 and 1495 MPa, respectively, and the impact energy and fracture toughness were 81 J and 102 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, showing an excellent match of strength and toughness compared with commercial maraging stainless steels.

Key words： maraging stainless steel reverted austenite TRIP effect strength and toughness

收稿日期: 2021-12-31

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51201160);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2017233)

作者简介: 王滨，男，1995年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00599 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I5/636

图1 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃不同时效时间下的力学性能及商用马氏体时效不锈钢强度-冲击韧性对比图

图2 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样淬火态的SEM像和480℃时效0.5 h的OM像

图3 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效不同时间后析出相的TEM明场像

图4 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效0.5 h后元素的APT分析

图5 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效60 h后析出相的高角环形暗场(HAADF)像和EDS元素面扫描图

图6 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效90 h后微观组织的HAADF像和EDS元素面扫描图及对应线扫描图

图7 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效不同时间后的XRD谱及奥氏体体积分数

图8 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效不同时间后的逆转变奥氏体的TEM明场相

图9 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在480℃时效90 h后的HAADF像和EDS元素面扫描图

表1 逆转变奥氏体中Cu和Ni元素在不同时效时间下的质量分数 (mass fraction / %)

图10 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样在时效60和90 h后冲击断口附近及未变形基体的SEM像和EBSD像

图11 含Cu马氏体时效不锈钢试样中析出相协同析出示意图

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