合金凝固枝晶粗化的研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00564

金属学报

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (5): 789-800 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00564

金属材料的凝固专刊

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

合金凝固枝晶粗化的研究进展

朱鸣芳¹(

), 邢丽科¹, 方辉¹, 张庆宇¹, 汤倩玉¹, 潘诗琰^1,²

1 东南大学江苏省先进金属材料高技术研究重点实验室南京 211189
2 南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院南京 210094

Progresses in Dendrite Coarsening During Solidification of Alloys

Mingfang ZHU¹(

), Like XING¹, Hui FANG¹, Qingyu ZHANG¹, Qianyu TANG¹, Shiyan PAN^1,²

1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

引用本文:

朱鸣芳, 邢丽科, 方辉, 张庆宇, 汤倩玉, 潘诗琰. 合金凝固枝晶粗化的研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(5): 789-800.
Mingfang ZHU, Like XING, Hui FANG, Qingyu ZHANG, Qianyu TANG, Shiyan PAN. Progresses in Dendrite Coarsening During Solidification of Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(5): 789-800.

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摘要:

枝晶是一种最常见的金属凝固显微组织。在大多数中低速的凝固过程中,枝晶组织发生粗化是一种不可避免的现象,对最终的凝固组织和产品性能产生重要影响。本文首先简要评述半个多世纪以来关于连续冷却和等温凝固过程中的枝晶粗化在理论研究、实验研究和数值模拟3方面的研究进展。随后,介绍作者课题组最近提出的一个包含凝固和熔化机制的元胞自动机(cellular automaton,CA)模型。采用该CA模型对SCN-ACE合金在固/液两相区等温过程中的枝晶粗化现象进行模拟研究,并对枝晶粗化过程中的凝固/熔化、界面几何形状和溶质扩散之间的复杂相互作用关系进行分析。

关键词 ：合金凝固, 显微组织, 枝晶粗化, 元胞自动机法

Abstract：

Dendrites are the most frequently observed solidification microstructures of metallic alloys. In most solidification processes at low and moderate cooling rates, dendrite coarsening in mushy zones has been recognized as an unavoidable phenomenon that significantly influences microstructures and thereby the properties of the final products. The behavior of dendrite coarsening has received persistent scientific interests owing to its importance in both academic value and practical application. During the last five decades, extensive efforts have been made through theoretical analyses, experimental techniques and numerical simulations for fundamentally understanding the mechanisms of dendrite coarsening during solidification under continuously cooling or isothermal conditions. This paper first gives a brief overview of the progress in the studies of dendrite coarsening. Then, a cellular automaton (CA) model recently proposed by the authors is presented, which involves the mechanisms of both solidification and melting. The model is applied to simulate the microstructural evolution of columnar dendrites of SCN-ACE alloys during isothermal holding in a mushy zone. The CA simulations reproduce the typical dendrite coarsening features as observed in experiments. The role of melting for dendrite coarsening is quantified by comparing the simulation results using the new CA model and a previous CA model that does not include the melting effect. The mechanisms of dendrite coarsening are investigated in detail by comparing the local equilibrium and actual liquid compositions at solid/liquid interfaces. The CA simulations render visualizing how local solidification and melting stimulate each other through the complicated interactions between phase transformation, interface shape variation and solute diffusion.

Key words： alloy solidification microstructure dendrite coarsening cellular automaton method

收稿日期: 2018-01-02

ZTFLH:

TG113.12

基金资助:资助项目国家自然科学基金项目Nos.51371051和51501091,中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目No.2242016K40008,江苏省先进金属材料高技术研究重点实验室创新科研项目No.BM2007204及东南大学优秀博士论文培育基金项目No.YBJJ1627

作者简介:

作者简介朱鸣芳,女,1957年生,教授,博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00564 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V54/I5/789

图1 LSW理论的自相似粗化颗粒归一化尺寸分布[6,7]

图2 枝晶粗化的4种模式示意图

图3 同步辐射实时观察的Al-10%Cu (质量分数)合金在糊状区等温时的小枝晶臂熔化及枝晶间凹槽处凝固、枝晶臂尖端合并和透明合金等温实时观察的枝晶臂熔断[18,35,69]

图5 模拟的SCN-2.0%ACE (质量分数)合金在320 K糊状区等温时的枝晶粗化

图6 图5小框中枝晶臂形貌的模拟演化结果,显示小枝晶臂熔化、枝晶臂间凹槽处凝固和枝晶臂根部颈缩熔断等枝晶粗化模式

图7 模拟的SCN-2.0%ACE合金在316 K糊状区等温时枝晶臂尖端合并[69]

图8 耦合与未耦合熔化机制的CA模型模拟的SCN-2.0%ACE合金在316 K糊状区等温时,枝晶比表面积SVs随时间的变化[69]

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