选区激光熔化<strong>AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr</strong>合金微观组织及力学性能强化

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00085

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (9): 1108-1117 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00085

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

选区激光熔化AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr合金微观组织及力学性能强化

杨天野, 崔丽(

), 贺定勇, 黄晖

北京工业大学材料与制造学部北京 100124

Enhancement of Microstructure and Mechanical Property of AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

YANG Tianye, CUI Li(

), HE Dingyong, HUANG Hui

Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

引用本文:

杨天野, 崔丽, 贺定勇, 黄晖. 选区激光熔化AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr合金微观组织及力学性能强化[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(9): 1108-1117.
Tianye YANG, Li CUI, Dingyong HE, Hui HUANG. Enhancement of Microstructure and Mechanical Property of AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(9): 1108-1117.

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摘要:

采用气雾化制粉技术原位合金化制备了AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr粉末,研究了选区激光熔化(SLM)成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样的相对密度、微观组织和力学性能。结果表明,SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样的相对密度为99.20%,显微硬度为156.5 HV,室温抗拉强度达到461 MPa,屈服强度为304 MPa,相对于常规AlSi10Mg试样显微硬度提升了25.8%,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别提高了22.6%和26.7%。这是由于Er、Zr元素的加入,细化了SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样的晶粒尺寸,并且使α-Al基体中Si元素的固溶度增加,由细晶强化和固溶强化机制共同作用提高了AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr合金的力学性能。

关键词 ：选区激光熔化, AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr合金, 稀土元素, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

The AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) has attracted attention because of its excellent quality and properties. However, the mechanical properties of SLM AlSi10Mg alloy cannot meet the requirements of the high strength of aluminum alloys in the aerospace industry. To improve the mechanical properties of SLM AlSi10Mg alloy, AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr powders were prepared using in situ alloying mechanism and gas atomization. The relative density, microstructure, and mechanical properties of SLM AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr alloys have been investigated. The results show that the relative density of AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr alloys fabricated using SLM reaches 99.20%. The SLM AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr alloy has a microhardness value of 156.5 HV. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) of the SLM AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr alloy can reach 461 and 304 MPa, respectively. Compared with the conventional AlSi10Mg alloy, the microhardness has been increased by 25.8%; the UTS and YS are increased by 22.6% and 26.7%, respectively. The fine-grain and solid solution strengthening associated with SLM processing with the addition of Er and Zr elements, as a result of increased grain size refinement and solid solubility of Si element in the α-Al matrix, are responsible for the improvement in the mechanical properties.

Key words： selective laser melting AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr alloy rare earth element microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-02-26

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51621003)

作者简介: 杨天野,男,1996年生,硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00085 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I9/1108

表 1 AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr及AlSi10Mg合金粉末化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样相对密度与激光能量密度的关系

图2 选区激光熔化(SLM)成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样宏观组织形貌

图3 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr及AlSi10Mg试样的SEM像

图4 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr及AlSi10Mg试样的XRD谱

表2 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr与AlSi10Mg试样的力学性能

图5 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr及AlSi10Mg试样组织反极图及晶粒尺寸分布图

图6 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样TEM像及HRTEM像

图7 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr及AlSi10Mg试样高倍SEM照片及EDS结果

图8 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr试样中合金元素分布

图 9 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr与AlSi10Mg试样Schmid因子分布图

图10 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr与AlSi10Mg试样织构分布图

表3 SLM成形AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr与AlSi10Mg试样织构含量 (volume fraction / %)

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