高熵合金中的元素分布规律及其作用

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00433

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (4): 393-402 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00433

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高熵合金中的元素分布规律及其作用

余倩(

), 陈雨洁, 方研

浙江大学材料科学与工程学院硅材料国家重点实验室电子显微镜中心杭州 310027

Heterogeneity in Chemical Distribution and Its Impact in High-Entropy Alloys

YU Qian(

), CHEN Yujie, FANG Yan

Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

引用本文:

余倩, 陈雨洁, 方研. 高熵合金中的元素分布规律及其作用[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(4): 393-402.
Qian YU, Yujie CHEN, Yan FANG. Heterogeneity in Chemical Distribution and Its Impact in High-Entropy Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(4): 393-402.

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摘要:

高熵合金作为一类多主元的复杂合金，其与传统合金相比可能表现出更好的力学性能和不同变形机制。而这些现象所对应的高熵合金与传统合金在原子结构特点上的本质区别一直存在争议。大量研究表明，由于高熵合金中各组成元素的原子特性不同，其可能普遍存在原子尺度上的元素分布不均匀性，这使得材料的结构性能关系用经典的固溶强化等理论并不能被完全理解。本文以面心立方、体心立方及双相高熵合金为分类，总结了高熵合金中与元素分布相关的研究，从浓度波和短程有序这两个方面出发，分别展开讨论；并拓展到其对材料位错行为和力学性能的影响；最后，对未来高熵合金中元素分布规律的探索进行了展望。

关键词 ：高熵合金, 浓度波动, 短程有序, 变形机制与力学性能

Abstract：

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) or multiprincipal-element alloys have exceptional properties those may be better than the properties of conventional alloys and exhibit different deformation mechanisms. However, some issues pertaining to what may make HEAs distinct from the conventional alloys remain to be resolved. Many studies have found that heterogeneity in chemical distribution due to unique atomic features may be common in HEAs. Therefore, the relationship between the structure and properties cannot be explained completely by the traditional solid solution strengthening mechanism. In this short review, classified by their crystal structures, such as face-centered-cubic, body-centered-cubic, and dual-phase, studies on element distribution in HEAs, including concentration wave and short-range order, are summarized. The influence of heterogeneity in chemical distribution on dislocation behaviors and mechanical properties is described. Further, a brief perspective of the research directions for element distribution is proposed.

Key words： high entropy alloy concentration fluctuation short-range order deformation mechanism and mechanical property

收稿日期: 2020-10-30

ZTFLH:

TG131

基金资助:国家自然科学基金面上项目(51671168、51871197)

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00433 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I4/393

图1 传统固溶体模型与高熵合金中的元素分布模型(a) random solid solution(b) two kinds of inhomogeneity of element distribution: concentration wave and short-range order(c) dislocation slip energy barrier model in random solid solution(d) dislocation slip energy barrier in HEAs

图2 利用原子尺度的能量色散X射线谱进行元素分布表征

图3 不同合金中的位错形态(a) Ni-3W (b) CrCoNi (c) CrCoNi-3W (d) Cr20Mn10Fe30Co30Ni10

图4 bcc类高熵合金中的元素分布均匀性及其位错行为[47~50](a) dislocation structures in HfNbTaTiZr HEAs[47](b) dislocation structures in Ti38V15Nb23Hf24[48](c) short-range clustering structure in HfNbTaZr after annealing[49](d) ordered oxygen complexes regions in TiZrHfNb with 2% oxygen[50]

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