析出强化Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1 高熵合金强韧化机制

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00242

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (1): 54-66 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00242

研究论文

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析出强化Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁ 高熵合金强韧化机制

孙士杰¹, 田艳中², 张哲峰¹(

)

^1. 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
^2. 东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819

Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Precipitation- Hardened Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁ High-Entropy Alloy

SUN Shijie¹, TIAN Yanzhong², ZHANG Zhefeng¹(

)

^1. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

引用本文:

孙士杰, 田艳中, 张哲峰. 析出强化Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁ 高熵合金强韧化机制[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(1): 54-66.
Shijie SUN, Yanzhong TIAN, Zhefeng ZHANG. Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Precipitation- Hardened Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁ High-Entropy Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(1): 54-66.

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摘要:

以fcc结构高熵合金为基础合金，通过添加Al、Ti和C元素，设计了新型析出强化Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁高熵合金。经过轧制后该合金含有纳米结构轧制条带(含有变形孪晶)和高密度位错结构。中温长时间热处理后该合金具有纳米结构非均匀组织，包括轧制条带、位错和大量的纳米析出相，表现出优异的强度-塑性匹配关系。该合金优异的力学性能是由于组织中与基体共格的L1₂型析出相起到了显著的析出强化作用，使该合金强度明显提高；另一方面，高密度位错得到有效回复，改善了合金的应变硬化能力。采用中温长时间热处理可获得强度-塑性匹配优异的非均匀组织析出强化高熵合金。

关键词 ：高熵合金, 析出强化, 非均匀组织, 强度, 塑性

Abstract：

There has been significant progress in the development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with unconventional compositions in the past decade to meet the demand from a wide variety of industries, such as automotive, shipbuilding, and aerospace. The fcc HEAs have attracted growing attention due to their superior mechanical and functional properties. However, these HEAs exhibit low or modest yield strength, limiting their potential industrial application. To enhance the strength of the fcc HEAs, materials researchers are exploring additional strengthening methods, such as grain refinement, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation strengthening. However, the strengthening approaches mentioned above suffer from the trade-off dilemma between strength and ductility. In this study, a new precipitation-hardened Fe₅₃Mn₁₅Ni₁₅Cr₁₀Al₄Ti₂C₁ HEA was designed by adding Al, Ti, and C elements based on the fcc HEA. Then the HEA was treated utilizing heavy-deformation and various heat-treatment processes, tuning the microstructure and precipitate. The cold-rolled alloy microstructure presented rolling bands (including deformation twins) and a significant dislocation density. Furthermore, the HEA microstructure consists of rolling bands, high-density dislocations, and nanoscale precipitates following heat treatment at medium temperatures for an extended period. In particular, the HEA possessed a superior balance between strength and ductility, resulting from the significant precipitation strengthening effect of L1₂ precipitates that were coherent with the matrix in the microstructure as well as the improved strain-hardening ability due to the recovery of dislocations. The precipitation-hardened HEA with an inhomogeneous microstructure could be obtained through heat treatment at medium temperatures over long periods, which exhibited an excellent strength-ductility relationship.

Key words： high-entropy alloy precipitation strengthening inhomogeneous microstructure strength ductility

收稿日期: 2021-06-10

ZTFLH:

TG113.2

基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费项目(N180204015);辽宁省兴辽英才计划项目(XLYC1808027);中国科学院特别研究助理项目，及中国科学院金属研究所创新基金项目(2021-PY16)

作者简介: 孙士杰，男，1991年生，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00242 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I1/54

图1 铸态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的XRD谱和SEM像

图2 经不同热处理工艺后冷轧Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2-C1高熵合金板材的显微硬度

图3 冷轧和不同热处理状态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的XRD谱

图4 不同热处理状态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的EBSD像

图5 经873 K、50 h热处理的Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的BSE像和元素的SEM-EDS分布图

图6 冷轧和不同热处理状态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的TEM像

图7 冷轧和不同热处理状态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的STEM高角环形暗场(HAADF)像和元素的STEM-EDS分布图 (a) CR state (b) 873 K, 1 h (c) 873 K, 50 h (d) 1023 K, 1 h

图8 经873 K、50 h热处理的Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金的TEM分析

图9 铸态、冷轧和不同热处理状态Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4-Ti2C1高熵合金的拉伸工程应力-应变曲线、应变硬化速率曲线、本工作以及其他高熵合金或中熵合金[6,7,12,13,21,30-44]的屈服强度和均匀延伸率

图10 经873 K、50 h热处理的Fe53Mn15Ni15Cr10Al4Ti2C1高熵合金断裂后组织的TEM像 (a) dislocation cell (b) interaction of the precipitates and dislocations

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