时效对<strong>Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr</strong>形状记忆合金显微组织、拉伸性能和记忆行为的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00276

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (6): 717-724 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00276

研究论文

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时效对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr形状记忆合金显微组织、拉伸性能和记忆行为的影响

叶俊杰, 贺志荣(

), 张坤刚, 杜雨青

陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院汉中 723001

Effect of Ageing on Microsturcture, Tensile Properties, and Shape Memory Behaviors of Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr Shape Memory Alloy

YE Junjie, HE Zhirong(

), ZHANG Kungang, DU Yuqing

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China

引用本文:

叶俊杰, 贺志荣, 张坤刚, 杜雨青. 时效对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr形状记忆合金显微组织、拉伸性能和记忆行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(6): 717-724.
Junjie YE, Zhirong HE, Kungang ZHANG, Yuqing DU. Effect of Ageing on Microsturcture, Tensile Properties, and Shape Memory Behaviors of Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr Shape Memory Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(6): 717-724.

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摘要:

用TEM和拉伸实验研究了时效工艺对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr形状记忆合金显微组织、拉伸性能和形状记忆行为的影响。300、400和500℃时效态Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金中Ti₃Ni₄析出相分别呈颗粒状、透镜状和长条状，时效温度比时效时间对析出相形态、尺寸和弥散度的影响更大。时效处理后合金的强度升高，塑性降低。随时效时间(t_ag)延长，300℃时效态合金抗拉强度(R_m)升高，断后伸长率(A)降低；400℃时效态合金R_m先升后降，A先降后升；500℃时效态合金R_m降低，A升高。300℃时效1~50 h和400℃时效1 h的合金呈现良好的超弹性，400℃时效5~50 h和500℃时效1~50 h的合金呈现良好的形状记忆效应。随t_ag延长，300℃时效态合金的应力诱发马氏体相变临界应力降低，能耗升高；400和500℃时效态合金的马氏体再取向应力和能耗均降低。

关键词 ： Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金, 形状记忆合金, 时效, 显微组织, 形状记忆行为

Abstract：

To improve the properties of Ti-Ni shape memory alloys (SMAs), a third element can be added to them and assisted by a heat treatment process. After the Ni-rich Ti-Ni SMAs are doped with a small amount of Zr, the parent phase of the alloy is observed to exhibit enhanced stability; further, the alloys exhibit improved yield strength, elongation, and memory performance. The effects of the composition and annealing processes on the phase transformation behaviors and mechanical properties of the Ti-Ni-Zr SMAs have been studied; however, the microstructure, tensile properties, and shape memory behaviors of the aged Ti-Ni-Zr SMAs remain to be investigated. In this work, a Ni-rich Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr alloy could be obtained by doping the Ti-Ni alloys with 0.1%Zr (atomic fraction). The effects of the ageing processes on the microstructure, tensile properties, and shape memory behaviors of the alloy were investigated through TEM and tensile tests. The Ti₃Ni₄ precipitates in the Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr alloy samples aged at 300, 400, and 500^oC exhibit morphologies of fine particles, lenticular particles, and long strips, respectively. The effect of ageing temperature on the morphology, size, and dispersion of precipitates is greater than that of the ageing time. The alloy exhibited enhanced strength but reduced ductility after the ageing treatment. With the increasing ageing time (t_ag), the tensile strength (R_m) increased and the percentage elongation (A) decreased when considering the alloy sample aged at 300^oC. In case of the alloy sample aged at 400^oC, R_m initially increased and subsequently decreased, whereas A initially decreased and subsequently increased. The alloy sample aged at 500^oC exhibited a reduced R_m but an enhanced A. The alloy samples aged at 300^oC for 1-50 h or at 400^oC for 1 h exhibited superelasticity, whereas those aged at 400^oC for 5-50 h or 500^oC for 1-50 h exhibited the shape memory effect. In the alloy samples aged at 300^oC, higher t_ag values resulted in enhanced energy dissipation and lower critical stress values for stress-induced martensite transformation. Alloy ageing at 400^oC or 500^oC resulted in lower critical stress values for martensite reorientation and lower energy dissipation.

Key words： Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr alloy shape memory alloy ageing microstructure shape memory behavior

收稿日期: 2020-07-23

ZTFLH:

TG113.25

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0111400)

作者简介: 叶俊杰，男，1996年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00276 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I6/717

图1 不同工艺时效态Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr形状记忆合金的TEM像

图2 不同温度和时间时效处理后Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金的拉伸曲线

图3 时效温度和时效时间对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金抗拉强度和断后伸长率的影响

图4 时效温度和时效时间对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金形状记忆行为的影响

图5 时效温度和时效时间对Ti-50.8Ni-0.1Zr合金应力-应变曲线平台应力(σM)、残余应变(εR)和能耗(ΔW)的影响

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