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金属学报  2017, Vol. 53 Issue (3): 307-315    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00366
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
各向异性和偏轴加载对1050车轮钢疲劳性能的影响
张青松1,朱振宇1,高杰维1,戴光泽1(),徐磊2,冯健1
1 西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院 成都 6100312 西华大学材料科学与工程学院 成都 610039
Effect of Anisotropy and Off-Axis Loading on Fatigue Property of 1050 Wheel Steel
Qingsong ZHANG1,Zhenyu ZHU1,Jiewei GAO1,Guangze DAI1(),Lei XU2,Jian FENG1
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
引用本文:

张青松,朱振宇,高杰维,戴光泽,徐磊,冯健. 各向异性和偏轴加载对1050车轮钢疲劳性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(3): 307-315.
Qingsong ZHANG, Zhenyu ZHU, Jiewei GAO, Guangze DAI, Lei XU, Jian FENG. Effect of Anisotropy and Off-Axis Loading on Fatigue Property of 1050 Wheel Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(3): 307-315.

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摘要: 

研究了各向异性和偏轴加载对轧制1050车轮钢疲劳性能的影响,获得试样在2种特定加载条件下的疲劳极限,运用SEM观察疲劳断口形貌,并利用有限元分析软件Ansys对0°、30°、45° 3个不同偏轴加载角度的试样进行静力学分析。结果表明:随着试样与轧制方向角度的增加,疲劳极限逐渐降低,0°到45°下降比例约为9%;随着试样偏轴加载角度的增加,疲劳极限亦逐渐降低,0°到45°下降比例约为85%;在偏轴加载的情况下,试样承受的剪切应力与Von Mises等效应力较大,且随着偏轴加载角度的增加而增加。

关键词 1050钢各向异性偏轴加载有限元疲劳极限    
Abstract

Wheel is one of the key components of a train to transmit power and affect the security operation. With the rapidly development of high-speed railway, rolling contact fatigue of railway wheels has become an important issue with respect to failure. With the increasing of train speeds and axle loads, the wheel-rail dynamic stress and contact stress were increased, resulting in wheel out of round with off-axis wear and potential for derailment. SAE 1050 steel as a typical wheel steel is widely used in high-speed wheel and wagon wheel. Consequently, the wheel rolling contact fatigue performance under service process and the fatigue performance of wheel steel materials have been studied. However, there are less relevant results about the anisotropy of rolling and off-axis loading of wheel steel materials. To investigate the effect of anisotropy and off-axis loading on fatigue property of 1050 wheel steel, uniaxial fatigue tests were conducted at the conditions of 120 Hz and stress ratio R=0.1, and off-axis fatigue tests were conducted at the conditions of 55 Hz and R=0.1 at room temperature in air. All fatigue specimens were cut from bar round with the angles (0°, 30° and 45°) to rolling direction. The fatigue limit of specimens under two kinds of special loading conditions was obtained. Fracture surface of the specimen was observed by SEM. The finite element (FEM) analysis software (Ansys 14.0) was used to analyze static mechanics of specimens under three different off-axis loading angles (0°, 30° and 45°). The results showed that the fatigue limit decreased with increasing angle to rolling direction and the percentage of decline was 9%. The fatigue limit decreased with increasing off-axis loading angle and the percentage of decline was 85%. The shear stress and Von Mises stress were larger and increased with increasing off-axis loading angle when the specimen was subjected to off-axis loading.

Key words1050 steel    anisotropy    off-axis loading    finite element    fatigue limit
收稿日期: 2016-08-15     
基金资助:西南交通大学2015年研究生创新实验实践项目No;YC201509102
图1  疲劳试样形状与尺寸
图2  偏轴疲劳实验装夹方式
图3  与轧制方向成不同角度时1050钢的显微组织
Angle / (°) σb / MPa σs / MPa A / % Z / %
0
30
45
762
748
706
448
432
402
24.0
20.6
20.4
59.6
55.0
53.4
表1  与轧制方向成不同角度1050钢的拉伸性能
图4  疲劳极限与偏轴加载角度之间的关系
图5  静力学加载示意图
图6  静力学分析有限元模型
图7  静力学分析应力云图
图8  单轴加载0°试样断口形貌
图9  单轴加载30°试样断口形貌
图10  单轴加载45°试样断口形貌
图11  30°偏轴加载0°试样断口形貌
图12  45°偏轴加载0°试样断口形貌
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