连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金变形行为的各向异性

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00363

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (1): 40-48 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00363

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金变形行为的各向异性

刘永康¹, 黄海友^1,², 谢建新^1,²(

)

1 北京科技大学新材料技术研究院材料先进制备技术教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
2 北京科技大学现代交通金属材料与加工技术北京实验室, 北京 100083

ANISOTROPIC DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF CONTINUOUS COLUMNAR-GRAINED CuNi10Fe1Mn ALLOY

LIU Yongkang¹, HUANG Haiyou^1,², XIE Jianxin^1,²(

)

1 Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083
2 Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083

引用本文:

刘永康, 黄海友, 谢建新. 连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金变形行为的各向异性[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(1): 40-48.
Yongkang LIU, Haiyou HUANG, Jianxin XIE. ANISOTROPIC DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF CONTINUOUS COLUMNAR-GRAINED CuNi10Fe1Mn ALLOY[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(1): 40-48.

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摘要:

研究了连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金板试样沿平行柱状晶生长方向(SD)和垂直柱状晶生长方向(PD)拉伸时的力学性能和变形行为, 讨论了连续柱状晶组织各向异性对合金力学性能和变形行为的影响. 研究结果表明: 试样沿SD和PD均具有[100]择优取向, 但沿SD所有晶粒的取向均分布于[100]附近, 平均Taylor因子m值约为2.17, 而沿PD部分晶粒的取向分散于[001]-[011]之间, 具有一定的取向分散性, m值约为2.93. 低取向分散性、无横向晶界约束等组织特征使试样沿SD变形时应力分布均匀, 各晶粒沿拉伸方向变形一致, 屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为85和215 MPa, 断后伸长率达到42%, 具有典型韧性断口; 由于存在一定的取向分散性和横向晶界, 使得PD试样变形时出现明显的晶界应力集中和表面凹凸起伏, 屈服强度明显增加, 为115 MPa, 断后伸长率下降至36%, 具有混合型断口. 连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金的晶粒取向和晶界分布的各向异性是造成变形行为各向异性的原因.

关键词 ：连续柱状晶, Cu-Ni合金, 各向异性, 力学性能, 变形行为

Abstract：

In continuous unidirectional solidification process, an unidirectional heat transfer condition can be established to control grain growth direction along the solidification direction (SD). By this method, continuous columnar-grained (CCG) polycrystalline alloys without transverse grain boundary can be obtained, which possess high orientated texture and straight grain boundary morphology. High orientated texture can significantly improve the consistency among the grains, and the straight grain boundaries reduce the number of coordinated strain components, resulting in high plasticity and excellent extension behavior along the SD in the CCG alloys. For example, the CCG polycrystalline CuNi10Fe1Mn alloy has a high tensile elongation (>40%). However, as described above, the CCG polycrystalline alloy has an extremely anisotropic microstructure. In order to improve its performance, select the appropriate processing methods, and establish a reasonable process, its mechanical properties and deformation behavior were investigated with tensile direction along the SD or perpendicular to the solidification direction (PD) in this work. The electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques were introduced to study the effects of microstructure anisotropy on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior. The results indicate that both SD and PD samples have [100] preferred orientation. All grains in SD samples (Taylor factor m=2.17) are nearby [100], while some grains in PD samples (Taylor factor m=2.93) scatter among [001]-[011]. Microstructure characteristics of low orientation dispersion and no horizontal grain boundary in SD samples contribute to the uniform stress distribution and consistent deformation behavior in each grain along the tensile direction. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are 85 MPa, 215 MPa and 42%, respectively. Compared to SD samples, PD samples appear to grain boundary stress concentration and zigzag surface morphologies due to the orientation dispersion and horizontal grain boundaries. As a result, the yield strength markedly increases to 115 MPa, and the elongation decreases to 36%. The SD and PD samples occur ductile and mixed fracture, respectively. The anisotropic deformation behavior of CCG polycrystalline CuNi10Fe1Mn alloy is attributed to the anisotropic grain orientation and the grain boundary distribution.

Key words： continuous columnar grain Cu-Ni alloy anisotropy mechanical property deformation behavior

ZTFLH:

TG249.7

基金资助:* 国家科技支撑计划项目2011BAE23B00, 国家自然科学基金项目51104015和新金属材料国家重点实验室自主研究课题2012Z-12资助

作者简介: null

刘永康, 男, 1989年生, 硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00363 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I1/40

图1 定向凝固连续柱状晶CuNi10Fe1Mn合金的OM像和XRD谱

图2 SD和PD试样的室温拉伸应力-应变曲线

图3 拉伸试样断后试样表面的OM像和断口形貌SEM像

图4 试样在拉伸过程中全场应变分布云图和沿试样轴向中心线的应变分布

图5 SD和PD试样在不同拉伸阶段所对应的轴向局部应变的最大值及最大值与最小值的差值

图6 连续柱状晶组织CuNi10Fe1Mn合金沿SD和PD方向的反极图和等Schmid因子分布线图

图7 拉伸试样在应变15%时的OM像和EBSD取向图

表1 拉伸试样在应变15%时晶粒内滑移线和拉伸轴之间的夹角及Schmid因子值

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