<strong>Mn</strong>偏析对<strong>0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe</strong>中锰钢力学性能的影响及作用机制

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00410

金属学报

2025, Vol. 61

Issue (7): 1024-1034 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00410

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Mn偏析对0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe中锰钢力学性能的影响及作用机制

蔡星周¹, 刘胜杰¹, 张禹森¹, 李小龙¹, 张宇鹤¹, 张文彬¹, 陈雷¹(

), 金淼¹^,²

1 燕山大学机械工程学院秦皇岛 066004
2 通裕重工股份有限公司禹城 251200

Effect of Mn Segregation on Mechanical Properties of 0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe Medium Mn Steel and Its Mechanism

CAI Xingzhou¹, LIU Shengjie¹, ZHANG Yusen¹, LI Xiaolong¹, ZHANG Yuhe¹, ZHANG Wenbin¹, CHEN Lei¹(

), JIN Miao¹^,²

1 Collenge of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
2 Tongyu Heavy Industry Co. Ltd., Yucheng 251200, China

引用本文:

蔡星周, 刘胜杰, 张禹森, 李小龙, 张宇鹤, 张文彬, 陈雷, 金淼. Mn偏析对0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe中锰钢力学性能的影响及作用机制[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(7): 1024-1034.
Xingzhou CAI, Shengjie LIU, Yusen ZHANG, Xiaolong LI, Yuhe ZHANG, Wenbin ZHANG, Lei CHEN, Miao JIN. Effect of Mn Segregation on Mechanical Properties of 0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe Medium Mn Steel and Its Mechanism[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2025, 61(7): 1024-1034.

全文: PDF(4771 KB) HTML

摘要:

为了探究Mn元素偏析对中锰钢力学性能、微观结构及变形机制的影响，本工作以一种奥氏体基双相中锰钢(0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe，质量分数，%)为研究对象，对比分析了Mn偏析对显微组织的影响，着重探究了Mn偏析对冷轧退火后中锰钢力学行为的微观作用机制。结果表明，Mn偏析使得中锰钢中奥氏体表现出带状分布特征，富Mn偏析带内奥氏体晶粒粗大且稳定性高，铁素体晶粒细小且分布稀疏。塑性变形过程中，无偏析区内奥氏体的主控变形机制为孪晶和马氏体相变，即相变诱导塑性(TRIP) + 孪晶诱导塑性(TWIP)效应共存，但相变速率较快。富Mn区奥氏体稳定性增加，变形机制虽为马氏体相变，但TRIP效应受限。与均质非偏析中锰钢相比，尽管含富Mn区中锰钢细晶区域可提供较高的加工硬化能力，但塑性与断裂韧性明显降低。

关键词 ：中锰钢, 奥氏体粗晶, TRIP + TWIP效应, 加工硬化, Mn偏析

Abstract：

Improvements in passenger safety and fuel efficiency are crucial issues in the automotive industry. The use of advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) in automotive parts has been suggested as a solution to these issues because it enables large weight reduction and good crash worthiness. Strength and ductility are the key mechanical properties of automotive AHSS. However, high strength is often accompanied by low ductility, resulting in the so-called strength-ductility trade-off dilemma. Currently, there is an increasing demand for automotive AHSS that exhibits a balance between strength and ductility. Lightweight and high-strength medium Mn steel (MMnS with a Mn mass fraction of 3%-12%), as a representative example of the third-generation automotive AHSS, has an excellent combination of strength and plasticity due to the effective usage of the coupled transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) effect of the metastable austenite constituent upon deformation. To further improve comprehensive mechanical properties, MMnS with a high Mn content were developed to increase the austenite fraction. Thus, a duplex structure with an ultrafine ferrite and austenite matrix was formed. However, Mn segregation is likely to occur in MMnS with increasing Mn content, especially in the cases of Mn > 10% (mass fraction), which considerably influences MMnS's performance. Therefore, the effects of Mn segregation on the overall mechanical properties, microstructure, and deformation mechanism of MMnS need to be elucidated in more details. In this paper, the influence of Mn segregation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of MMnS with an austenite-ferrite duplex structure and a nominal composition of 0.3C-11Mn-2.7Al-1.8Si-Fe was systemically investigated. Specifically, the underlying mechanism of Mn segregation that affects the mechanical and microstructural behavior of cold-rolled and annealed MMnS was analyzed. The results show that Mn segregation causes the formation of a Mn-rich banded structure, where the grain size of austenite is larger, austenite stability is higher, and fine ferrite is distributed more sparsely on the austenite matrix compared with the case without Mn segregation. The dominant plastic deformation mechanism of austenite in the non-Mn segregation zone involves martensitic transformation and twinning, leading to the coupled TRIP + TWIP effect, while the rate of martensitic transformation is higher than those without Mn segregation. However, the martensitic transformation is inhibited in the austenite of the Mn-rich structure because of its higher stability, limiting the TRIP effect. Consequently, the test MMnS with Mn segregation shows lower ductility and fracture resistance than those without Mn segregation; moreover, its finer austenite enhances the work-hardening capacity.

Key words： medium Mn steel coarse-grained austenite TRIP + TWIP effect work hardening Mn segregation

收稿日期: 2023-10-08

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52275388);国家自然科学基金项目(52075474);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z1008G);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2022203206);燕山大学基础研究与创新人才培养项目(2021LGZD009);燕山大学基础研究与创新人才培养项目(2022BZZD002)

通讯作者: 陈雷，chenlei@ysu.edu.cn，主要从事高强轻质金属材料的高性能制造技术研究

作者简介: 蔡星周，男，1977年生，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00410 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V61/I7/1024

图1 0.3C-11Mn-2.7A1-1.8Si-Fe中锰钢计算相图与热机械处工艺路线理示意图

图2 中锰钢锻造板坯心部与表层显微组织的SEM像和Mn元素分布

图3 锻坯心部(S1)与近表层区域(S2)样品加工硬化曲线与真应力-应变曲线

表1 S1与S2样品的力学性能

图4 S1样品微观组织的SEM像和Mn元素的EDS线扫描结果

图5 S1与S2样品的EBSD像和反极图(IPF)

图6 S1与S2样品原始态的铁素体与奥氏体的晶粒尺寸分布

图7 S1和S2样品不同应变下形变亚结构的TEM像和选区电子衍射(SAED)花样

图8 不同应变下S1和S2样品的EBSD像

图9 S1和S2样品断口形貌的SEM像

Sample	Composition of austenite				Grain size	V_γ	$M d 30$	γ_SFE	Deformation
	(mass fraction / %)				μm	%	^oC	mJ·m^-2	mechanism
	C	Mn	Al	Si	μm	%	^oC	mJ·m^-2	mechanism

S1 (rich Mn)	0.74	13.12	2.12	2.10	8.52	92.4	108.33	10.44	TRIP
S1 (low Mn)	0.73	11.15	2.25	1.90	1.58	73.1	123.84	16.45	TRIP + TWIP
S2	0.73	11.72	2.23	1.93	1.56	69.3	118.91	15.62	TRIP + TWIP

表2 S1 (粗、细晶区)和S2样品中奥氏体的合金元素含量与晶粒尺寸及奥氏体特征结果

图10 S1与S2样品断口端面裂纹的EBSD像和SEM像

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