A strongly basal textured AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet with the normal direction (ND) perpendicular to the c-axis has been cryorolled at the liquid-nitrogen temperature to the strain of different amount to analyze the influence of cryogenic rolling temperature. The microstructure and texture of the cryorolled samples have been investigated by using SEM, EBSD and XRD. And the mechanical properties of the cryorolled sheets have also been tested under quasi-static uni-axial tension at the ambient temperature along the rolling direction (RD) and transverse direction (TD) respectively. The microstructural and textual evolutions of the strongly basal textured AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets during cryorolling and the relationship between mechanical properties and the microstructural and textural evolutions of cryorolled samples has also been discussed in this work. The results show that a lot of twins have been observed in cryorolled sheets, and they were found to be {101?2} tension twins. {101?2} tension twins were the dominant twinning type of the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet during cryogenic rolling. With the increase of cryogenic rolling pass, new texture component with the c-axis paralleled to the normal direction (ND) was strengthened and the breadth of {101?2} tension twins was also increased. Grains were separated by the twin grain boundaries after cryorolling. The mechanical test results show that the strength of the sheets increased while the ductility decreased after cryogenic rolling. The strength of the sheets along RD was higher than that along TD.