<strong>AlSi10Mg</strong>多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的损伤模式及响应机制

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00440

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (7): 857-868 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00440

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的损伤模式及响应机制

蔡宣明¹(

), 张伟², 范志强¹, 高玉波¹, 王俊元³(

), 张柱军⁴

1 中北大学航空宇航学院太原 030051
2 哈尔滨工业大学航天学院哈尔滨 150080
3 中北大学机械工程学院太原 030051
4 65589部队91分队大庆 163411

Damage Modes and Response Mechanisms of AlSi10Mg Porous Structures Under Different Loading Strain Rates

CAI Xuanming¹(

), ZHANG Wei², FAN Zhiqiang¹, GAO Yubo¹, WANG Junyuan³(

), ZHANG Zhujun⁴

1 School of Aerospace Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2 School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
3 School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
4 65589 Unit 91 Detachment, Daqing 163411, China

引用本文:

蔡宣明, 张伟, 范志强, 高玉波, 王俊元, 张柱军. AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的损伤模式及响应机制[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(7): 857-868.
Xuanming CAI, Wei ZHANG, Zhiqiang FAN, Yubo GAO, Junyuan WANG, Zhujun ZHANG. Damage Modes and Response Mechanisms of AlSi10Mg Porous Structures Under Different Loading Strain Rates[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(7): 857-868.

全文: PDF(4456 KB) HTML

摘要:

为探明AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率条件下的承载能力、破坏模式及破坏机理，展开了一系列实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟。通过实验研究明确了该AlSi10Mg多孔结构的损伤破坏模式主要表现为损伤断裂和剪切破坏，且其力学行为对加载应变率不敏感。结合结构损伤分析和高精度数值模拟研究，发现AlSi10Mg多孔结构在轴向压缩载荷作用下沿斜截面相对错动而发生剪切破坏，这一失效模式是导致其结构发生断裂破坏的最直接原因。结合实验研究和理论分析表明，当AlSi10Mg多孔结构应变小于10%时，其在低应变率和中应变率下的吸能特性十分接近；当结构应变大于10%时，其在中应变率下的吸能特性略高于低应变率加载时。在不同高应变率(378~1639 s^-1)加载条件下，该AlSi10Mg多孔结构吸能特性十分接近。

关键词 ：多孔结构, 选区激光熔化, 力学行为, 能量吸收, 剪切失效

Abstract：

AlSi10Mg is a frequently utilized aluminum alloy known for its low density, high specific strength, strong energy absorption capability, and good impact resistance. It holds significant appeal in the aviation, automotive, and machinery sectors and is particularly used as protective structures for critical aerospace components. In particular, in complex application scenarios, these protective structures are often subjected to impacts from foreign objects at different loading rates. This leads to diverse forms of damage and unpredictable damage patterns, ultimately jeopardizing key components and disrupting the normal operation of associated parts. Herein, through extensive research into the preparation, properties, and factors influencing AlSi10Mg porous structures, an understanding of the intrinsic relationship between the porous metal structure and its properties is revealed. This is important for improving material properties, expanding application possibilities, and promoting scientific and technological advancement. Exploring the application potential of AlSi10Mg porous structures across various fields offers theoretical support and technical guidance for its practical utilization. Moreover, this will provide new insights and methodologies for the future development of aluminum alloys with porous structures. By conducting a series of experimental studies, theoretical analyses, and numerical simulations, the load-bearing capacity, damage modes, and damage mechanisms of the optimized AlSi10Mg porous structures under different loading strain rates were examined. The rusults showed that the predominant damage modes in AlSi10Mg porous structures are fracture and shear damages, and the mechanical behavior is unaffected by the loading strain rates. The combination of structural damage analysis and high-precision numerical simulations revealed that under axial compressive loading, the AlSi10Mg porous structures experiences shear damage caused by relative misalignment along the diagonal cross section. This failure mode is the direct cause of the fracture damage of the structure. Furthermore, combined experimental and theoretical analyses indicated that the energy absorption properties of the AlSi10Mg porous structures are maintained at low and medium strain rates when the strain of the structures is less than 10%. When the strain exceeds 10%, the energy absorption properties at medium strain rates slightly improve compared to those at low strain rates. The energy absorption properties of the AlSi10Mg porous structures remain almost unchanged under different strain rates ranging from 378 to 1639 s^-1.

Key words： porous structure selective laser melting mechanical behavior energy absorption shear failure

收稿日期: 2023-11-07

ZTFLH:

TG111.3

基金资助:动态测试技术国家重点实验室基金项目(2022-SYSJJ-03)

通讯作者: 蔡宣明，caixm@nuc.edu.cn，主要从事多孔金属结构轻量化设计及优化调控研究;
王俊元，wangjy@nuc.edu.cn，主要从事金属结构设计研究

Corresponding author: CAI Xuanming, associate professor, Tel: (0351)3922272, E-mail: caixm@nuc.edu.cn;

作者简介: 蔡宣明，男，1981年生，副教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00440 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I7/857

图1 AlSi10Mg多孔结构优化及设计的主要成形模式示意图

图2 中应变率加载实验装置示意图

图3 改进的分离式Hopkinson压杆(SHPB)实验装置示意图

Parameter	Symbol	Value	Unit
Yield strength parameter	M	331.17	MPa
Model parameter	B	576.65	MPa
Strain rate sensitive parameter	C	0.032
Hardening index	n	0.99
Temperature softening parameter	m	0.945
Reference strain rate	$ε ˙ 0$	1	s^-1
Reference temperature	T_r	298	K
Melting point temperature	T_m	843	K
Material model parameter	D₁	0.04704
	D₂	1.155
	D₃	-0.841
	D₄	-0.042
	D₅	0
Material density	ρ	2700	kg·m^-3
Elastic modulus	E	75	GPa
Poisson's ratio	ν	0.3

表1 Johnson-Cook本构模型和断裂准则相关参数

图4 AlSi10Mg合金粉末形貌及粒度分布

图5 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的应力-应变曲线

图6 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在低应变率(0.009 s-1)下的变形破坏模式及破坏位置示意图

图7 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在中应变率(50 s-1)加载条件下的变形破坏模式及破坏位置示意图

图8 高速相机拍摄到的AlSi10Mg多孔结构在1137 s-1高应变率加载条件下的变形及破坏模式

图9 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在低应变率(0.009 s-1)加载条件下，应变约为2%时的承载状态数值模拟结果

图10 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在低应变率(0.009 s-1)加载条件下，应变约为7.7%时的破坏模式数值模拟结果

图11 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在中应变率(50 s-1)加载条件下的承载状态及变形破坏模式数值模拟结果

图12 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在高应变率(1137 s-1)加载条件下的变形及破坏模式数值模拟结果

图13 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的能量吸收特性

图14 AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率下的能量吸收效率

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