增材制造<strong>TiAl</strong>合金的研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00582

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (1): 1-15 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00582

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

增材制造TiAl合金的研究进展

陈玉勇¹^,²(

), 时国浩¹^,², 杜之明², 张宇¹^,², 常帅¹

1 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室哈尔滨 150001
2 哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室哈尔滨 150001

Research Progress on Additive Manufacturing TiAl Alloy

CHEN Yuyong¹^,²(

), SHI Guohao¹^,², DU Zhiming², ZHANG Yu¹^,², CHANG Shuai¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
2 National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

引用本文:

陈玉勇, 时国浩, 杜之明, 张宇, 常帅. 增材制造TiAl合金的研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 1-15.
Yuyong CHEN, Guohao SHI, Zhiming DU, Yu ZHANG, Shuai CHANG. Research Progress on Additive Manufacturing TiAl Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(1): 1-15.

全文: PDF(2807 KB) HTML

摘要:

轻质耐热的TiAl合金是航空航天和民用工业等领域最具潜力的高温结构材料之一。然而，由于其低的延展性和断裂韧性，制造TiAl零部件具有挑战性。目前，增材制造工艺被认为是制造TiAl零件具有前途的技术之一。本文在介绍增材制造技术原理和特点的基础上，综述了激光金属沉积(LMD)、选区激光熔化(SLM)和电子束熔化(EBM)制备TiAl合金的工艺-组织-性能关系，并对该技术未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词 ： TiAl合金, 激光金属沉积, 选区激光熔化, 电子束熔化

Abstract：

One of the most promising high-temperature structural materials in aerospace and civil industries is the lightweight and heat-resistant TiAl alloys. However, owing to their low ductility and fracture toughness, manufacturing TiAl parts is challenging. At present, additive manufacturing process is considered one of the most promising technologies for manufacturing TiAl parts. Based on the principles and characteristics of additive manufacturing technology, this paper summarizes the process-structure-property relation of laser metal deposition (LMD), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM) in the preparation of TiAl alloy. Furthermore, this paper discusses the future development trends of additive manufacturing technology.

Key words： TiAl alloy laser metal deposition selective laser melting electron beam melting

收稿日期: 2022-11-10

ZTFLH:

TG146.23

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0123500)

通讯作者: 陈玉勇，yychen@hit.edu.cn，主要从事高温钛合金及TiAl合金研究

Corresponding author: CHEN Yuyong, professor, Tel: (0451)86418802, E-mail: yychen@hit.edu.cn

作者简介: 陈玉勇，男，1956年生，教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00582 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I1/1

图1 增材制造工作原理示意图[8,11]

表1 增材制造技术的对比[8~11]

表2 激光金属沉积(LMD)制造Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的最佳工艺条件[14]

图2 激光沉积Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的SEM-BSE像[22]

图3 Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb合金热处理前后的SEM像[14]

表3 Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb合金在不同加载方向下的室温拉伸性能[31]

图4 不同扫描速率下选区激光熔化(SLM)加工Ti-40Al-9V-0.5Y合金的裂纹密度和孔隙率[51]

图5 SLM制造的TNM-B1样品的SEM像[52,53]

图6 在不同体积能量水平下生产的TNB-V4样品微观组织的SEM像[47]

图7 电子束熔化(EBM)制备Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的OM像[73]

图8 热处理EBM Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的拉伸性能[82]

表4 EBM Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的缺口韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展结果汇总[67]

图9 EBM制造的TiAl涡轮叶片[90]

图10 EBM Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的蜂窝结构[4]

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