低温轧制对高强高导<strong>Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb</strong>合金性能及析出行为的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00180

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (3): 405-416 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00180

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

低温轧制对高强高导Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金性能及析出行为的影响

李龙健¹, 李仁庚², 张家郡¹, 曹兴豪¹, 康慧君¹(

), 王同敏¹

¹大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁省凝固控制与数字化制备技术重点实验室大连 116024
²南京工业大学先进轻质高性能材料研究中心南京 210009

Effects of Cryorolling on Properties and Precipitation Behavior of a High-Strength and High-Conductivity Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb Alloy

LI Longjian¹, LI Rengeng², ZHANG Jiajun¹, CAO Xinghao¹, KANG Huijun¹(

), WANG Tongmin¹

¹Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
²Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China

引用本文:

李龙健, 李仁庚, 张家郡, 曹兴豪, 康慧君, 王同敏. 低温轧制对高强高导Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金性能及析出行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(3): 405-416.
Longjian LI, Rengeng LI, Jiajun ZHANG, Xinghao CAO, Huijun KANG, Tongmin WANG. Effects of Cryorolling on Properties and Precipitation Behavior of a High-Strength and High-Conductivity Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(3): 405-416.

全文: PDF(4278 KB) HTML

摘要:

随着现代工业中交通、电气、航空航天、电子等领域的快速发展，对铜合金的性能要求越来越高。强度和导电率是相互矛盾的性质，实现铜合金兼具高强度和高导电率是现代铜工业发展的重要课题。采用真空熔炼、低温轧制、时效处理等工艺制备了Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb (质量分数，%)合金，研究了低温轧制对Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金显微组织、力学性能和导电性能的影响，分析了时效工艺对析出相种类、形貌和分布的影响。结果表明，Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金主要由Cr相、富Zr相、Cr₂Nb相及Cu基体相组成。450℃短时(30 min)时效后Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金即可析出纳米级fcc结构的Cr析出相，在长时间(300 min)时效后，会形成bcc结构的Cr析出相。Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金经过低温轧制和时效处理后，在Cu基体中形成了纳米析出相、纳米变形孪晶和位错等混合组织并获得了优异的综合性能。低温轧制Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金450℃时效30 min后，抗拉强度为700 MPa，导电率为73.29%IACS；450℃时效300 min后，导电率可达79.81%IACS，此时，抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度分别为646 MPa、606 MPa和212 HV。结合实验结果和对强度贡献计算表明，位错强化和析出强化是Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金的主要强化机制。

关键词 ： Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金, 低温轧制, 析出相, 强度, 导电率

Abstract：

The performance requirements for copper alloys are increasing with the rapid development of transportation, electrical, aerospace, and electronics in modern industry. Cu-Cr-Zr alloy has exceptional strength and electrical conductivity as typical precipitation strengthening copper alloy. Strength and conductivity are mutually exclusive properties. The goal of realizing the high strength and conductivity of copper is a crucial subject in modern copper industry development. In this study, the effects of cryorolling on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy were examined and the effects of numerous aging processes on the type, morphology, and distribution of precipitates were investigated. The findings depict that the Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy primarily comprised the Cr phase, Zr-rich phase, Cr₂Nb phase, and Cu matrix phase. The fcc Cr nanoprecipitates can be precipitated in Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy after aging at 450^oC for 30 min. The bcc Cr nanoprecipitates can be formed after aging at 450^oC for 300 min. After cryorolling and aging treatment, the mixed structures, such as nanoprecipitation phase, nanodeformation twins, and dislocations in the Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy are produced and this alloy demonstrates remarkable comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of 700 MPa and electrical conductivity of 73.29%IACS were attained for the cryorolled Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy after aging at 450^oC for 30 min; after aging at 450^oC for 300 min, the conductivity can reach 79.81%IACS, and the corresponding tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness are 646 MPa, 606 MPa, and 212 HV, respectively. Combining the experimental findings with the computations of contribution to strengthening, it can reasonably be inferred that dislocation and precipitation strengthening were the primary strengthening mechanisms of Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy.

Key words： Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy cryorolling precipitate strength electrical conductivity

收稿日期: 2022-04-17

ZTFLH:

TG146.11

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51971052);国家自然科学基金项目(51927801);国家自然科学基金项目(51690163);国家自然科学基金项目(52001161);辽宁省“兴辽英才”计划项目(XLYC2007183);大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ25CY002);大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ26GX045)

通讯作者: 康慧君，kanghuijun@dlut.edu.cn，主要从事高性能结构功能一体化材料制备与加工研究

Corresponding author: KANG Huijun, professor, Tel: (0411)84709500, E-mail: kanghuijun@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 李龙健，男，1996年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00180 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I3/405

表1 Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb样品的工艺流程

图1 铸态Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb和CRⅡ-FA300样品的EPMA背散射电子像

图2 CRⅡ-FA300样品中Cr2Nb相的EPMA面扫分析

图3 CRⅡ-FA300样品中Cr与Zr颗粒的EPMA面扫分析

图4 CRⅡ-FA30样品中析出相的TEM分析

图5 CRⅡ-FA300样品中析出相的TEM分析

图6 CRⅡ-FA300样品中Cr2Nb相的TEM像及元素分析

图7 CRⅡ-FA300样品的TEM像

图8 RⅡ-FA300样品的TEM像

图9 Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb样品的工程应力-应变曲线

表2 Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb样品的强度、伸长率、导电率及位错密度

图10 CRⅡ-FA300样品的XRD谱拟合曲线

表3 屈服强度计算所用的参数

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