固态相变对<strong>Fe-Co-Ni</strong>超高强度钢长臂梁构件焊接<strong>-</strong>淬火过程应力和变形的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00177

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (12): 1633-1643 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00177

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

固态相变对Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢长臂梁构件焊接-淬火过程应力和变形的影响

张开元¹^,², 董文超¹(

), 赵栋³, 李世键³, 陆善平¹(

)

¹中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
²中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
³沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司沈阳 110034

Effect of Solid-State Phase Transformation on Stress and Distortion for Fe-Co-Ni Ultra-High Strength Steel Components During Welding and Vacuum Gas Quenching Processes

ZHANG Kaiyuan¹^,², DONG Wenchao¹(

), ZHAO Dong³, LI Shijian³, LU Shanping¹(

)

¹Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
²School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
³Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, Shenyang 110034, China

引用本文:

张开元, 董文超, 赵栋, 李世键, 陆善平. 固态相变对Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢长臂梁构件焊接-淬火过程应力和变形的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1633-1643.
Kaiyuan ZHANG, Wenchao DONG, Dong ZHAO, Shijian LI, Shanping LU. Effect of Solid-State Phase Transformation on Stress and Distortion for Fe-Co-Ni Ultra-High Strength Steel Components During Welding and Vacuum Gas Quenching Processes[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(12): 1633-1643.

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摘要:

建立了Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢板电子束焊热源模型和“热-冶金-力学”耦合有限元模型，通过焊缝截面形貌和残余应力的模拟结果和实测结果对比，验证了耦合有限元模型的可靠性。利用耦合有限元模型模拟了Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢长臂梁构件的“电子束焊-真空气淬”过程，预测了在焊接-淬火过程中组织转变规律和应力与变形。研究发现，真空气淬是导致超高强度钢构件产生明显变形的主要原因，考虑固态相变的真空气淬过程模拟结果可以获得准确的变形方向和大小。

关键词 ： Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢, 数值模拟, 固态相变, 残余应力

Abstract：

Due to its outstanding all-around performance, Fe-Co-Ni ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) is frequently used in crucial load-bearing components. The UHSS components will be significantly deformed during the welding and post-welding heat treatment operations, which makes the subsequent assembly to satisfy usage requirements a challenge. As a result, it is crucial to simulate the entire manufacturing process of UHSS components to investigate and comprehend the laws of stress and distortion in UHSS component weld joints throughout the manufacturing process. In this study, the “thermo-metallurgical-mechanical” coupled finite element model's accuracy is first verified, followed by the development of a heat source model for electron beam welding. The evolution of the microstructure of the weld joint, stress, and distortion in the weld joint of complex components are thus precisely predicted using the linked model throughout the production process of “electron beam welding-vacuum gas quenching”. The primary cause of the severe deformation of complex components is vacuum gas quenching. The solid-state phase transformation cannot be ignored in the simulation process of “electron beam welding-vacuum gas quenching” of the complicated components.

Key words： Fe-Co-Ni ultra-high strength steel numerical simulation solid-state phase transformation residual stress

收稿日期: 2022-04-17

ZTFLH:

TG404

基金资助:黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(TD2021E006);辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2020JH1/10100001)

通讯作者: 董文超，wcdong@imr.ac.cn，主要从事焊接力学的研究;
陆善平，shplu@imr.ac.cn，主要从事焊接材料的研究

作者简介: 张开元，男，1996年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00177 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I12/1633

图1 电子束焊试板及有限元模型

图2 电子束焊三维倒锥体热源模型及焊缝截面形貌模拟和实验结果对比

图3 电子束焊残余应力分布云图及残余应力XRD方法测试结果与模拟结果对比

图4 Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢长臂梁有限元模型及力学边界条件

图5 真空气淬工艺及热循环曲线的实验与模拟结果对比

图6 长臂梁表面图4a所示位置P1和P2处的温度、相体积分数与时间关系曲线，及沿L1和L2路径的残余应力分布

图7 长臂梁电子束焊变形云图

图8 淬火时间为179.5和3000 s时长臂梁真空气淬温度分布云图

图9 不考虑固态相变的长臂梁真空气淬变形云图

图10 长臂梁真空气淬组织云图和组织变化曲线

图11 长臂梁真空气淬变形云图及底部支撑位置真空气淬变形的模拟结果与实测结果对比

图12 长臂梁真空气淬冷却过程组织与变形曲线

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