超高压烧结制备<strong>14Cr-ODS</strong>钢及微观组织与力学性能

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00099

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (2): 184-192 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00099

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超高压烧结制备14Cr-ODS钢及微观组织与力学性能

王韬¹, 龙弟均², 余黎明¹(

), 刘永长¹, 李会军¹, 王祖敏¹

^1.天津大学材料科学与工程学院水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室天津 300354
^2.中国核动力研究设计院成都 610041

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 14Cr-ODS Steel Fabricated by Ultra-High Pressure Sintering

WANG Tao¹, LONG Dijun², YU Liming¹(

), LIU Yongchang¹, LI Huijun¹, WANG Zumin¹

^1.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
^2.Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu 610041, China

引用本文:

王韬, 龙弟均, 余黎明, 刘永长, 李会军, 王祖敏. 超高压烧结制备14Cr-ODS钢及微观组织与力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(2): 184-192.
Tao WANG, Dijun LONG, Liming YU, Yongchang LIU, Huijun LI, Zumin WANG. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 14Cr-ODS Steel Fabricated by Ultra-High Pressure Sintering[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(2): 184-192.

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摘要:

采用吉帕级超高压烧结粉末冶金方法制备了14Cr-ODS钢，通过致密度、SEM、TEM、硬度以及拉伸实验等方法研究了高压烧结工艺对ODS钢微观组织及力学性能的影响。研究表明，通过高压烧结可获得主要析出相为Ti₂O₃、晶粒均匀、平均晶粒尺寸小于300 nm的细晶14Cr-ODS钢，其Vickers硬度可达604 HV，抗拉强度接近1.5 GPa，显著优于常规烧结方法制备的相近成分ODS钢的性能。得益于超高压力产生塑性变形对晶粒形核和原子扩散的综合影响，超高压烧结可在较低烧结温度和较短烧结时间的工艺下，获得致密度超过99%的力学性能优异的ODS钢试样。

关键词 ：超高压烧结, 14Cr-ODS钢, 细小晶粒, 高硬度, 高强度

Abstract：

Due to its superior mechanical, processing, and service properties, oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloy (particularly Fe base ODS steel) has emerged as the most promising future candidate for advanced reactor structural materials. However, there are some problems with hot isostatic pressing sintering ODS steels, such as higher sintering temperature, longer sintering time, and relatively coarse grains. In this work, 14Cr-ODS steels were prepared by ultra-high pressure sintering with a sintering pressure of 3, 4, and 5 GPa, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the ultra-high pressure sintered 14Cr-ODS steel samples were characterized by density test, SEM, TEM, hardness test, and tensile test. Based on the contrast analysis of microstructure and mechanical properties, the effect of sintering pressure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high pressure sintered 14Cr-ODS steel was investigated, and the effect mechanism was thoroughly analyzed. Analysis results show that the main oxide precipitate of ultra-high pressure sintered 14Cr-ODS steel is Ti₂O₃, and the average grain size of 14Cr-ODS steel prepared by ultra-high pressure sintering is less than 300 nm, which is approximately 5% of the average grain size of 14Cr-ODS steel prepared by conventional hot isostatic pressing sintering. The average grain size of samples prepared by ultra-high pressure sintering decreased initially and then increased as sintering pressure increased. The Vickers hardness of ODS steel samples sintered at 4 GPa can reach 604 HV, and the tensile strength is approximately 1.5 GPa, which is 1.6 times than that of 14Cr-ODS steel samples with a similar composition prepared by conventional hot isostatic pressing sintering. Ultra-high pressure sintered 14Cr-ODS steel with good sintering formability and a density greater than 99% can be obtained at lower sintering temperatures and shorter sintering times. Its excellent performance can be mainly associated with the comprehensive influence of the plastic deformation effect produced by ultra-high pressure sintering on grain nucleation and atom diffusion in sintered samples.

Key words： ultra-high pressure sintering 14Cr-ODS steel fine grain high hardness high strength

收稿日期: 2021-03-03

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0701801);国家自然科学基金项目(51974199)

作者简介: 王韬，男，1996年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00099 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I2/184

图1 机械合金化粉末的SEM像及其粒径分布

图2 烧结压力为3、4和5 GPa的超高压烧结14Cr-ODS试样的SEM像及其晶粒尺寸分布

图3 烧结压力为3、4和5 GPa的超高压烧结14Cr-ODS试样微观组织的TEM像

图4 烧结压力为4 GPa的超高压烧结14Cr-ODS试样析出颗粒的TEM像、EDS结果以及SAED花样

图5 烧结压力分别为3、4和5 GPa的14Cr-ODS烧结试样的拉伸曲线

图6 烧结压力为3、4和5 GPa的超高压烧结14Cr-ODS试样拉伸断口的SEM像

表1 bcc结构Fe中各种可能的成对构型的形成能[33,34] (eV)

表2 bcc结构Fe中原子的扩散系数[32,35] (m-2·s-1)

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