纳米结构多主元合金的力学行为及强塑化机制

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00366

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (1): 16-29 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00366

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

纳米结构多主元合金的力学行为及强塑化机制

刘畅¹, 吴戈²(

), 吕坚³^,⁴(

)

1 西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室材料创新设计中心西安 710049
2 西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室微纳尺度材料行为研究中心西安 710049
3 香港城市大学机械工程系香港 999077
4 香港城市大学深圳研究院深圳 518057

Nanostructural Multi-Principal-Element Alloys: Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms

LIU Chang¹, WU Ge²(

), LU Jian³^,⁴(

)

1 Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
2 Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
4 Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China

引用本文:

刘畅, 吴戈, 吕坚. 纳米结构多主元合金的力学行为及强塑化机制[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 16-29.
Chang LIU, Ge WU, Jian LU. Nanostructural Multi-Principal-Element Alloys: Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(1): 16-29.

全文: PDF(3868 KB) HTML

摘要:

超强高塑性合金在基础设施、航空航天、国防军工等领域中有广泛的应用需求，然而，金属的塑性通常随着强度的增加而降低，即：强度-塑性相互掣肘。本文从纳米结构多主元合金的强塑化研究存在的挑战出发，综述了剧烈塑性变形、物理气相沉积、机械合金化等纳米结构制备方法对多主元合金力学性能的影响。阐述了相关合金的跨尺度变形机制及塑性变形起源，并对未来纳米结构多主元合金的研发及机制分析进行了展望。

关键词 ：多主元合金, 纳米结构, 强度, 塑性, 剧烈塑性变形, 物理气相沉积

Abstract：

Enhancing the strength of metallic materials has long been a primary goal for material scientists due to their significant potential for various industrial applications. However, the methods employed to increase the strength of metals often result in reduced deformation ability, leading to what is commonly termed as the strength-deformability trade-off dilemma. This paper offers a review of the advancements made in nanostructured multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs) and discusses the challenges associated with simultaneously improving strength and deformability. This review summarizes the various common methods used to fabricate nanostructured MPEAs, including severe plastic deformation, physical vapor deposition, and mechanical alloying. In addition, this paper reviews the strengthening and deformation mechanisms intrinsic to these alloys. Finally, a brief outlook on potential future research directions for nanostructured MPEAs is provided.

Key words： multi-principal-element alloy nanostructure strength plasticity severe plastic deformation physical vapor deposition

收稿日期: 2022-07-28

ZTFLH:

TG139

基金资助:深港科技创新合作区深圳园区项目(HZQB-KCZYB-2020030)

通讯作者: 吴戈，gewuxjtu@xjtu.edu.cn，主要从事非晶合金、高熵合金、镁基合金与铝基合金，以及晶体-非晶纳米双相合金与晶界的非晶相变研究；
吕坚，jian.lu@cityu.edu.hk，主要从事纳米材料与先进材料的制备和力学性能，实验力学，材料表面工程和仿真模拟等研究

Corresponding author: WU Ge, professor, Tel: 13022875977, E-mail: gewuxjtu@xjtu.edu.cn;
LU Jian, professor, Tel: (+852)34429653, E-mail: jian.lu@cityu.edu.hk

作者简介: 刘畅，女，1991年生，教授，博士

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图1 常见的剧烈塑性变形方法示意图

图2 基于磁控溅射的高通量材料制备方法[38]

图3 CrFeCoNiPd合金[13]和VCoNi合金[8]的原子尺度结构成分信息

图4 高强塑性NiCo纳米晶合金[56]

图5 (TiNbZr)86O12C1N1 合金的结构、成分和力学性能[61]

图6 多主元合金中的孪生诱发塑性(TWIP)效应和相变诱发塑性(TRIP)效应[19,20,63,66,67]

图7 CoCrNi、(CoCrNi)88Fe10Si1B1和(CoCrNi)75Fe21Si2B2合金的TEM分析[66]

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