拉伸<strong>-</strong>扭转复合加载对镍基高温合金<strong>GH4169</strong>力学性能与变形机理的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00142

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (1): 30-42 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00142

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

拉伸-扭转复合加载对镍基高温合金GH4169力学性能与变形机理的影响

杨俊杰, 张昌盛(

), 李洪佳, 谢雷, 王虹, 孙光爱

中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所中子物理学重点实验室绵阳 621999

Effect of Tension-Torsion Coupled Loading on the Mechanical Properties and Deformation Mechanism of GH4169 Superalloys

YANG Junjie, ZHANG Changsheng(

), LI Hongjia, XIE Lei, WANG Hong, SUN Guang'ai

Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China

引用本文:

杨俊杰, 张昌盛, 李洪佳, 谢雷, 王虹, 孙光爱. 拉伸-扭转复合加载对镍基高温合金GH4169力学性能与变形机理的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 30-42.
Junjie YANG, Changsheng ZHANG, Hongjia LI, Lei XIE, Hong WANG, Guang'ai SUN. Effect of Tension-Torsion Coupled Loading on the Mechanical Properties and Deformation Mechanism of GH4169 Superalloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(1): 30-42.

全文: PDF(4304 KB) HTML

摘要:

研究镍基高温合金在近服役条件下的力学性能与内在变形机理具有重要意义，但现有研究主要集中于单轴加载下的力学行为，多轴加载相关研究报道较少。为此，本工作对比研究了单轴和复合加载下多晶镍基高温合金GH4169的力学性能变化规律及其微观变形机制差异。在25℃下对多晶镍基高温合金GH4169进行拉伸-扭转复合加载，结合SEM、TEM、EBSD和中子衍射研究了加载方式对其力学性能、微观组织以及变形机理的影响。结果表明，拉伸样品的屈服强度和极限强度均随预扭转角度增加而增大(增幅分别约为150%和13%)；在20%预拉应变下，扭转样品的屈服强度和延伸率均有所增加(增幅分别约为31%和16%)。拉伸和扭转变形后样品中的位错密度明显增大；同时复合加载下位错密度相较于单轴加载略小，表明存在位错湮灭效应。预加载产生的位错强化效应提高了屈服强度，而随后复合加载下位错湮灭效应使预拉伸扭转样品的极限强度有所降低。预扭转形成梯度结构的力学强化作用一定程度上抵消了位错湮灭效应的影响。研究表明，多轴加载方式可调控材料微观结构和变形机制，进而实现材料强度和韧性的协调提升。

关键词 ：多晶镍基高温合金, 复合加载, 力学性能, 变形机理, 中子衍射

Abstract：

GH4169 superalloys are used in gas turbine engines and power plants owing to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at temperatures exceeding 600^oC. Because of their service condition, involving high temperature and complex stress, much attention has been attracted to the effect of temperature and loading mode on the mechanical properties and deformation mechanism. The effect of the loading mode, especially the multiaxial or coupled loading, on the mechanism of plastic deformation is still an outstanding open question despite numerous investigations on the effect of temperature on mechanical properties. In this study, the effect of tension-torsion coupled loading on deformation behavior was investigated, where the microstructures and underlying mechanism were revealed using SEM, TEM, EBSD, and neutron diffraction. It is found that the mechanical properties are dependent on the tension-torsion loading. For the tension specimens, the yield and ultimate strengths increase with the pretorsion angle; for instance, at the pretorsion angle of 720°, the increase rate is approximately 150% and 13%, respectively. At the pretension strain of 20%, the yield strength and elongation increase by approximately 31% and 16%, respectively. The density of dislocations increases in those samples after tensile and torsional deformations compared to the undeformed samples. Moreover, the density of dislocations for specimens deformed under the coupled loading is lower than those deformed under axial loading, indicating the dislocation annihilation effect. The yield strength is enhanced due to the strengthening effect of the initial dislocations produced during the preloading. The ultimate strength for the torsional specimens after pretension decreases because of the dislocation annihilation effect during the subsequent coupled loading. However, for the tensile specimens after pretorsion, such dislocation annihilation effect can be counteracted to some extent by the strengthening effect of the formed gradient structure by pretorsion on mechanical strength. These findings provide some insight into the regulation of the microdeformation mechanism process of materials through designing the coupled or multiaxial loading modes and the coordinated improvement of strength and toughness based on the achievement of gradient or hierarchical microstructure.

Key words： polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy coupled loading mechanical property deformation mechanism neutron diffraction

收稿日期: 2022-03-27

ZTFLH:

TG132.32

基金资助:国家科技重大专项项目(2019-VII-0019-0161);国家自然科学基金项目(U1930121)

通讯作者: 张昌盛，johmzhangc@caep.cn，主要从事中子散射技术与应用研究

Corresponding author: ZHANG Changsheng, associate professor, Tel: (0816)2495141, E-mail: johmzhangc@caep.cn

作者简介: 杨俊杰，男，1997年生，硕士

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图1 力学性能测试样品示意图

图2 拉伸和扭转样品的等效应力-应变曲线和力学性能

图3 拉伸和扭转样品的加工硬化率曲线

图4 拉伸和扭转系列断裂样品实物图

图5 拉伸和扭转断裂样品断口形貌的SEM像

图6 多轴加载下样品断裂与样品侧表面某点受力分析示意图

图7 变形前后拉伸和扭转样品的中子衍射全谱

表1 变形前后拉伸和扭转样品的晶格常数和位错密度

图8 变形前后拉伸和扭转样品的不同衍射峰对应(ΔK)2与K2C数据的线性拟合结果

图9 预拉伸扭转过程中试样(200)晶面衍射峰的动态变化

图10 单轴和预扭转拉伸样品的TEM像

图11 PRTOR-360样品不同区域的晶界和取向差分布图

图12 预扭转拉伸样品的Schmid因子分布图

图13 不同预加载方式下样品微观变形机理示意图

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