添加<strong>3%Zn</strong>对<strong>Al-Mg-Si-Cu</strong>合金非等温时效析出行为的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00529

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (3): 345-354 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00529

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

添加3%Zn对Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金非等温时效析出行为的影响

袁波¹, 郭明星¹^,²(

), 韩少杰¹, 张济山¹^,², 庄林忠¹^,²

^1.北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室北京 100083
^2.北京科技大学现代交通金属材料与加工技术北京实验室北京 100083

Effect of 3%Zn Addition on the Non-Isothermal Precipitation Behaviors of Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

YUAN Bo¹, GUO Mingxing¹^,²(

), HAN Shaojie¹, ZHANG Jishan¹^,², ZHUANG Linzhong¹^,²

^1.State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^2.Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

引用本文:

袁波, 郭明星, 韩少杰, 张济山, 庄林忠. 添加3%Zn对Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金非等温时效析出行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(3): 345-354.
Bo YUAN, Mingxing GUO, Shaojie HAN, Jishan ZHANG, Linzhong ZHUANG. Effect of 3%Zn Addition on the Non-Isothermal Precipitation Behaviors of Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(3): 345-354.

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摘要:

利用DSC、TEM、拉伸和硬度测量等方法系统研究了Al-0.8Mg-1.2Si-0.5Cu-0.3Mn-0.5Fe(-3.0Zn) (质量分数，%)合金非等温时效析出行为。结果表明，添加Zn可增加合金低温区和高温区溶质原子团簇析出和回溶量，并促进沉淀相析出，基于DSC分析计算的沉淀相析出激活能和其他材料参数，分别建立了可有效预测2种合金沉淀析出速率的动力学方程；同时，3.0%Zn的添加可有效促进合金非等温热处理时效过程中沉淀相的形核率，致使硬度较高，与不含Zn合金一样其硬度均随时效温度升高而升高，100℃附近升高缓慢，出现一硬度平台，250℃附近出现硬度峰值，随后降低；峰值状态的TEM组织表征显示，非等温热处理可使2种合金均析出大量多尺度β″沉淀相，但是含Zn合金沉淀相数量密度更高，且析出的β″相晶格参数发生显著变化；此外，基于组织和性能测量，建立了2种合金峰值状态沉淀相分布与显微硬度间的经验定量关系。

关键词 ： Al-Mg-Si-Cu(-Zn)合金, 非等温热处理, 时效析出, 显微组织, 定量关系

Abstract：

To reduce the weight of a car body, Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys have been extensively studied for outer body panels of automobiles owing to their high strength-to-weight ratio, recyclability, and good formability. Moreover, the strength of Al-Mg-Si-Cu series alloys can be enhanced using the bake-hardening treatment. However, compared with steel, the formability and final strengths of the alloys need further improvement, which is a major challenge to the large-scale application of Al alloys in the automotive fields. In this study, the non-isothermal precipitation behavior of Al-0.8Mg-1.2Si-0.5Cu-0.3Mn-0.5Fe(-3.0Zn) (mass fraction, %) alloy was systematically investigated using DSC, TEM, tensile test, and hardness measurements. The results show that adding Zn can simultaneously increase the formation and redissolution of solute clusters in the alloys during low- and high-temperatures non-isothermal heat treatments and promote precipitation. The kinetic equations of precipitation in the two alloys were established based on the activation energy of precipitation obtained through DSC analyses and other material parameters, which can effectively predict the corresponding precipitation rates. Further, adding 3.0%Zn to the alloy can effectively increase the nucleation rate of the precipitates in the alloy during non-isothermal heat treatment, resulting in higher hardness. Additionally, with the increase of ageing temperature, the hardness increased gradually, but a hardness plateau appeared at approximately 100^oC, and the peak hardness values appeared at approximately 250^oC, followed by a decrease in hardness. TEM microstructural characterization showed that non-isothermal heat treatment could result in the formation of multiscale β'' precipitates in the two alloys in the peak ageing state. In comparison, adding Zn to the alloy increased the number density of the precipitates and significantly changed the lattice parameters of β'' phases formed in the peak aged alloy. Finally, based on the obtained microstructure and mechanical properties, the relationship between the precipitate distribution and microhardness of the two alloys was established.

Key words： Al-Mg-Si-Cu(-Zn) alloy non-isothermal heat treatment precipitation microstructure quantitative relationship

收稿日期: 2020-12-29

ZTFLH:

TG146

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51871029);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0300801);政府引导类计划-政府间双边创新合作项目(BZ2019019);新金属材料国家重点实验室开放课题项目(2020-ZD02)

作者简介: 袁波，男，1991年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00529 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I3/345

图1 固溶态合金对应的DSC曲线(升温速率10℃/min)

图2 固溶淬火态合金DSC曲线GP区析出峰、溶解峰，沉淀相析出峰及对应的激活能计算过程图Color online(a) DSC curves (b) Y-T curves (c) ln[ln(1 / (1 - Y))]-lnt curves (d) ln[(dY / dT)·φ / f(Y)]-1 / T curves

表1 1#和2#合金固溶淬火态不同沉淀相析出动力学方程

图3 1#和2#合金185℃时效时沉淀相体积分数与时效时间理论关系曲线以及硬度变化规律

图4 1#和2#合金非等温时效过程中硬度变化规律

图5 1#和2#固溶淬火态合金以10℃/min升温至250℃状态下的TEM组织表征(a, d) TEM images of second phase (b, e) TEM images of β″ phase (c, f) HRTEM images of β″ showed by square areas in Figs.5b and e, respectively, and corresponding fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and variant charts

图6 2种固溶态合金的应力-应变曲线

表2 在屈服强度模型中运用到的参数值

图7 Al-Mg-Si-Cu(-Zn)合金屈服强度和显微硬度间的关系图

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