一种第三代单晶高温合金的组织稳定性与持久性能

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00337

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (6): 770-776 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00337

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

一种第三代单晶高温合金的组织稳定性与持久性能

刘金来¹(

), 孙晶霞¹^,², 孟杰¹, 李金国¹

1 中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016
2 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016

Microstructural Stability and Stress Rupture Properties of a Third-Generation Ni Base Single Crystal Supalloy

LIU Jinlai¹(

), SUN Jingxia¹^,², MENG Jie¹, LI Jinguo¹

1 Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

刘金来, 孙晶霞, 孟杰, 李金国. 一种第三代单晶高温合金的组织稳定性与持久性能[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(6): 770-776.
Jinlai LIU, Jingxia SUN, Jie MENG, Jinguo LI. Microstructural Stability and Stress Rupture Properties of a Third-Generation Ni Base Single Crystal Supalloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(6): 770-776.

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摘要:

针对第三代单晶高温合金研制过程中析出少量拓扑密排相(TCP相)和中温性能偏低的问题，采用电子空位数计算，确定了对合金组织稳定性影响最显著的元素为Al，通过将Al含量降低0.4%，合金在1100℃、1000 h长期时效后完全无TCP相析出，实现了合金良好的组织稳定性。根据中温变形机制，认为合金中温持久性能偏低的原因为合金层错能偏低。确定合金成分的优化方案为在Al含量降低0.4%的基础上，少量降低Re和Co的含量以提高合金的层错能，通过将Re和Co含量分别降低0.25%和1%，合金在760℃、800 MPa的持久寿命由40 h提高到150 h，且合金的高温持久性能保持不变。在此基础上，确定了组织稳定且中/高温性能平衡的一种第三代单晶合金的最佳成分，并讨论了稳定合金组织和提高中温蠕变性能的原因。

关键词 ：第三代单晶高温合金, 组织稳定性, 持久性能, Re, 变形机制

Abstract：

Single-crystal superalloys have been developed to the 5th generation to improve their temperature capacity. Thus, a rare metal Ru is doped to the 4th and 5th generations based on the 6%Re (with the same mass fraction) contained in third-generation superalloys. Compared with Re addition in low-generation superalloys, improvement of temperature capacity decreases with Ru addition in high-generation superalloys; however, the cost of superalloys containing Ru has increased significantly. Therefore, considerable attention must be paid to the development of third-generation single-crystal superalloys because of their superior cost performance. Thus, considering the slight precipitation of the topologically close-packed (TCP) phase and low properties at the intermediate temperature of third-generation single-crystal superalloys, Al is considered as a significant element affecting microstructure stability, which is determined by calculating the number of electron vacancy (N_v). By reducing 0.4%Al, no TCP phase is precipitated in the superalloy after long-term thermal exposure at 1100^oC for 1000 h; therefore, good microstructure stability is obtained. The concentration of Re and Co is decreased slightly to increase the stacking fault energy of the superalloy and to enhance the properties at intermediate temperature. The stress rupture life at 760^oC and 800 MPa extends from 40 h to 150 h by reducing 0.4%Al followed with reduction of 0.25%Re and 1%Co. Moreover, the stress rupture properties at high temperature remain unchanged. Based on the abovementioned research, a third-generation single-crystal superalloy is developed, and the causes of stabilization of the microstructure and improvement to properties at intermediate temperature are also discussed.

Key words： third-generation single crystal superalloy microstructure stability stress rupture property Re deformation mechanism

收稿日期: 2022-07-09

ZTFLH:

TG113.25

基金资助:国家科技重大专项项目(2019-Ⅶ-0019-0161);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0700704);国家自然科学基金项目(51971214);四川省科技计划项目(2022YFSY0016)

通讯作者: 刘金来，jlliu@imr.ac.cn，主要从事单晶高温合金研究;

Corresponding author: LIU Jinlai, senior engineer, Tel: (024)23971767, E-mail: jlliu@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 刘金来，男，1973年生，高级工程师，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00337 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I6/770

图1 初始成分单晶高温合金在1100℃长期时效100和1000 h后微观组织的SEM像

图2 各元素含量分别降低0.1%时电子空位数的变化量(ΔNv)

表1 Al和Re含量分别降低0.4%时合金中各组成相的含量与初始成分的对比 (%)

图3 Al含量降低0.4%后的合金在1100℃长期时效100和1000 h后微观组织的SEM二次电子像

图4 优化成分与初始成分合金不同温度下层错能的热力学计算结果

图5 初始成分与优化成分合金在760℃、800 MPa条件下的蠕变曲线

图6 初始成分与优化成分合金在760℃、800 MPa条件下蠕变1 h后位错组态的TEM像

图7 优化成分合金760℃、800 MPa的持久寿命与试样轴向取向的关系

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