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金属学报  2022, Vol. 58 Issue (3): 311-323    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00185
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新一代马氏体耐热钢G115的研究进展
何焕生1, 余黎明1(), 刘晨曦1, 李会军1, 高秋志2, 刘永长1()
1.天津大学 材料科学与工程学院 水利安全与仿真国家重点实验室 天津 300354
2.东北大学秦皇岛分校 资源与材料学院 秦皇岛 066004
Research Progress of a Novel Martensitic Heat-Resistant Steel G115
HE Huansheng1, YU Liming1(), LIU Chenxi1, LI Huijun1, GAO Qiuzhi2, LIU Yongchang1()
1.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
2.School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
引用本文:

何焕生, 余黎明, 刘晨曦, 李会军, 高秋志, 刘永长. 新一代马氏体耐热钢G115的研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(3): 311-323.
Huansheng HE, Liming YU, Chenxi LIU, Huijun LI, Qiuzhi GAO, Yongchang LIU. Research Progress of a Novel Martensitic Heat-Resistant Steel G115[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(3): 311-323.

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摘要: 

提高火电机组中耐热锅炉的蒸汽温度和压力参数可以有效提升燃煤效率，减少有害气体排放。受煤炭资源紧缺和温室效应的双重影响，发展650℃及更高温度超超临界(ultra super-critical，USC)机组中的耐热锅炉材料已迫在眉睫。我国在600℃ USC机组用耐热材料P92钢基础上研发的马氏体耐热钢G115有望成为优选材料之一。本文介绍了G115钢的成分特点、形貌特征，综述了其在组织稳定性、蠕变性能、抗疲劳性能、抗蒸汽氧化性能以及工业管材制备等方面的研究进展，重点归纳了G115钢中富Cu相的作用，展望了未来研究重点，以期为更深入研究G115钢提供可行思路。
关键词 ： G115钢,  超超临界机组,  微观组织,  服役性能    
Abstract：

Improving the steam temperature and the pressure of the boiler applied in the thermal power could enhance the coal-fired efficiency and reduce the emission of harmful gases. Due to the dual impact of dwindling fossil resources and an exacerbated global greenhouse effect, it is critical to develop new heat-resistant boiler materials for ultra super-critical (USC) units at temperatures of 650oC and higher. With great thermal conductivity, good fatigue resistance, and low cost, martensitic heat-resistant steel G115, based on P92 steel applied in 600oC USC units, is a promising steel to be applied to this among all candidate materials. This paper introduces the main chemical composition and the microstructure feature of G115 steel, and the research progress in the areas of microstructure stability, creep performance, fatigue resistance, steam oxidation resistance, and industrial pipe production are summarized, with a focus on the role of Cu-rich phase in G115 steel. Finally, some key points on G115 steel are proposed to provide ideas for future research.
Key words： G115 steel    ultra super-critical (USC) units    microstructure    service performance
收稿日期: 2021-05-07     
ZTFLH:  TG142.1  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U1960204)
作者简介: 何焕生，男，1997年生，硕士生
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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00185      或      https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I3/311

SteelCCrWMoCoMnV
G1150.06-0.108.0-9.52.5-3.5-2.5-3.50.20-0.800.10-0.30
SAVE12AD0.08-0.138.5-9.52.0-3.5-1.0-3.50.20-0.700.15-0.30
MARBN0.0789.03.0-3.00.30.16
P920.07-0.148.5-9.01.5-2.00.30-0.60-0.30-0.600.15-0.25
SteelSiCuNbNBNiTa / Nd
G1150.10-0.500.80-1.200.03-0.070.006-0.0100.010-0.016≤ 0.03-
SAVE12AD0.3-0.060.0080.010--
MARBN0.05-0.50-0.03-0.080.005-0.0400.003-0.015≤ 0.500.003-0.06
P92≤ 0.50-0.04-0.090.030-0.0700.0010-0.0060≤ 0.40-
表1  P92、MARBN、SAVE12AD和G115钢化学成分[19,26,29] (mass fraction / %)
图1  G115钢回火马氏体和析出相形貌及分布示意图
图2  G115钢和P92钢650℃时效不同时间拉伸强度和板条马氏体/亚结构、析出相尺寸变化[42~46]
图3  G115钢回火态中富Cu相形貌和组成(a) high angle annular dark field (HAADF)-STEM image(b) bright field TEM image (Inset in Fig.3b shows the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of Cu-rich particle)(c) EDS element maps of Fig.3a (d, e) EDS results of Cu-rich particles before (d) and after (e) aging for 2000 h at 650oC
图4  高角环形暗场(HAADF)像下G115钢650℃等温时效1000 h 后Laves相和富Cu相分布位置
图5  G115钢750℃时效过程中Laves相与M23C6分布情况[52](a, b) SEM image (a) and TEM image and corresponding EDS element maps (b) of bulk M23C6 with Laves phase inside (c, d) SEM image (c) and TEM image and corresponding EDS element maps (d) of Laves phase with M23C6
图6  650℃下G115钢与T91、P92、3%Co-P92和MARBN钢蠕变寿命比较[56,57]
图7  不同应力条件下蠕变裂纹形态以及裂纹扩展模型示意图[60]
图8  蠕变疲劳裂纹扩展机制(a) transgranular fracture mode of fatigue crack(b) intergranular fracture mode of creep crack
图9  不同温度下裂纹扩展速率比较[65]
NumberCCrWCoMnVSi
10.07-0.098.5-9.52.8-3.32.8-3.5≤ 0.700.18-0.25≤ 0.30
20.08-0.128.0-10.02.5-3.22.6-3.20.60-1.000.15-0.30≤ 0.50
NumberCuNbNBTiPS
1≤ 0.500.04-0.080.007-0.0080.011-0.014≤ 0.001≤ 0.002≤ 0.001
20.70-1.100.02-0.100.005-0.0100.002-0.010-≤ 0.010≤ 0.010
表2  G115钢氩弧焊焊丝成分[75,76] (mass fraction / %)

Welding method

Room temperature tensile strength

MPa

650oC

tensile strength

MPa

Impact energy absorbed at heat affected zone / J

Impact energy absorbed at

weld zone / J

SMAW7232403851
CMT + P7392775362
表3  不同焊接方式焊接接头力学性能比较[77]
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