<strong>Y</strong>对无取向<strong>6.5%Si</strong>钢凝固组织、中温压缩变形和软化机制的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00023

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (3): 399-412 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00023

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Y对无取向6.5%Si钢凝固组织、中温压缩变形和软化机制的影响

李民¹^,², 王继杰¹, 李昊泽²^,³(

), 邢炜伟², 刘德壮², 李奥迪², 马颖澈²

1 沈阳航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110136
2 中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016
3 太原科技大学机械工程学院太原 030024

Effect of Y on the Solidification Microstructure, Warm Compression Behavior, and Softening Mechanism of Non-Oriented 6.5%Si Electrical Steel

LI Min¹^,², WANG Jijie¹, LI Haoze²^,³(

), XING Weiwei², LIU Dezhuang², LI Aodi², MA Yingche²

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Areospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
2 Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

引用本文:

李民, 王继杰, 李昊泽, 邢炜伟, 刘德壮, 李奥迪, 马颖澈. Y对无取向6.5%Si钢凝固组织、中温压缩变形和软化机制的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(3): 399-412.
Min LI, Jijie WANG, Haoze LI, Weiwei XING, Dezhuang LIU, Aodi LI, Yingche MA. Effect of Y on the Solidification Microstructure, Warm Compression Behavior, and Softening Mechanism of Non-Oriented 6.5%Si Electrical Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(3): 399-412.

全文: PDF(6055 KB) HTML

摘要:

利用EPMA、EBSD、XRD、TEM和热压缩测试，研究了Y元素对无取向6.5%Si钢铸态组织、有序相、中温变形和软化机制的影响。结果表明，当Y含量为0.017%和0.15%时，钢液中形成高熔点Y₂O₃ + Y₂O₂S/Y₂O₂S-YP复合稀土化合物，促进异质形核。凝固末期，枝晶间形成Y₂Fe₁₄Si₃化合物，凝固组织得到明显细化。铸锭的基体有序度与Y含量呈反比关系。500℃压缩实验结果表明，不同Y含量铸锭的塑性变形均由位错滑移机制主导。含Y试样峰值应力对应的临界应变降低，加工软化提前，加工硬化率下降，动态软化作用增强。热压缩试样的位错密度正比于Y含量，低基体有序度和高形变诱导无序作用是含Y试样动态软化作用增强的主要原因。

关键词 ：无取向6.5%Si钢, Y, 热压缩, 微观组织, 有序度, 加工软化

Abstract：

With the rapid development of electric, electronics, and military industries, there is an urgent demand for high-performance electrical steel. Non-oriented 6.5%Si electrical steel is an advanced soft magnetic material that exhibits excellent high-frequency soft magnetic properties, such as low iron loss, high magnetic permeability, and near-zero magnetostriction, which attracts considerable attention and has broad application prospects in the high-frequency field. Microalloying of rare earth elements, including Ce, La, and Y, is known to improve the ductility of 6.5%Si electrical steel. However, there are relatively few studies on the enhancement mechanism of medium-temperature plasticity of 6.5%Si electrical steel by addition of Y. In this study, the effect of Y on the solidification microstructure, ordered phase, warm compression behavior, and softening mechanism of non-oriented 6.5%Si electrical steel was investigated by EPMA, EBSD, XRD, TEM, and hot compressive test. The results indicated that the addition of 0.017% and 0.15% of Y led to the formation of high-melting-point Y₂O₃ + Y₂O₂S/Y₂O₂S-YP compounds in the melt which effectively promoted heterogeneous nucleation. At the end of the solidification process, the interdendritic rare-earth compounds were identified as Y₂Fe₁₄Si₃ and the solidification microstructure was obviously refined. In addition, with the increasing Y content, the ordered degree of the matrix decreased. The compression test at 500^oC indicated that the deformation mechanisms of all the specimens were dominated by a dislocation slip. The critical strain corresponding to the peak stress of the specimens doped with Y decreased. The advancement of the work softening stage and reduction in the following work hardening rate suggested that the dynamic softening effect was enhanced in the specimens doped with Y. After deformation, the matrix was in a disordered state, however, the dislocation density in the matrix was directly proportional to the Y content. Eventually, the primary reason for the enhancement of the dynamic softening effect was attributed to the low ordered degree and high deformation-induced disordering of the matrix by addition of Y.

Key words： non-oriented 6.5%Si electrical steel Y warm deformation microstructure ordered degree work softening

收稿日期: 2022-01-17

ZTFLH:

TG11

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51801221)

作者简介: 李民，男，1996年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00023 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I3/399

表1 不同Y含量铸锭的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 0Y、0.017Y和0.15Y铸锭的宏观组织和SEM像

图2 0.017Y和0.15Y铸锭的SEM像和EPMA元素面分布图

表2 铸锭晶内稀土化合物的EDS结果 (atomic fraction / %)

[ $u v w$ ]_s	[ $u v w$ ]_n	$d [u v w] s$ / nm	$d [u v w] n$ / nm	$d [u v w] s$ ·cosθ / nm	δ
[ $001$ ] _δ_{- Fe}	[001]_YP	0.2845	0.2826	0.2845	0.67%
[ $1 ¯ 12$ ] _δ_{- Fe}	[ $1 ¯ 12$ ]_YP	0.6969	0.6922	0.6969
[ $1 ¯ 10$ ] _δ_{- Fe}	[ $1 ¯ 10$ ]_YP	0.4023	0.3997	0.4023

表3 晶格错配度计算结果

图3 0.017Y铸锭晶界稀土化合物的SEM像、Kikuchi花样和EDS元素分布图

图4 0.15Y铸锭晶界稀土化合物的SEM像、Kikuchi花样和EDS元素分布图

表4 图3和4中晶界稀土化合物的EDS分析结果

图5 添加Y的无取向6.5%Si钢凝固过程示意图

图6 不同Y含量铸锭的XRD谱

图7 不同Y含量铸态试样沿[001]晶带轴的SAED花样

图8 不同Y含量铸态试样在500℃、1 s-1和40%压下量压缩的真应力-真应变曲线

图9 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩的加工硬化率-真应变(θ-ε)曲线、峰值应力和相应的临界应变

图10 3种铸态试样500℃压缩后的宏观照片

图11 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩后纵剖面组织的OM像和裂纹统计结果

图12 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩后的EBSD反极图、Σ3-60°<111>特殊晶界分布图及元素面扫描图

图13 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩后纵剖面的EBSD晶粒取向图和局部取向差(LM)图

图14 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩后芯部晶粒的LM分布图和对应的几何必须位错(GND)密度

图15 不同Y含量铸态试样500℃压缩后的TEM明场像和对应的SAED花样

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