小尺度CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品疲劳性能评价研究

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00023

金属学报

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (10): 1359-1367 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00023

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

小尺度CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品疲劳性能评价研究

马也飞^1,², 宋竹满², 张思倩¹, 陈立佳¹, 张广平²(

)

1 沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
2 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Evaluation of Fatigue Properties of CA6NM Martensite Stainless Steel Using Miniature Specimens

Yefei MA^1,², Zhuman SONG², Siqian ZHANG¹, Lijia CHEN¹, Guangping ZHANG²(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

马也飞, 宋竹满, 张思倩, 陈立佳, 张广平. 小尺度CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品疲劳性能评价研究[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(10): 1359-1367.
Yefei MA, Zhuman SONG, Siqian ZHANG, Lijia CHEN, Guangping ZHANG. Evaluation of Fatigue Properties of CA6NM Martensite Stainless Steel Using Miniature Specimens[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(10): 1359-1367.

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摘要:

通过对核主泵叶轮用小尺度超薄CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品的对称弯曲疲劳和单轴拉-拉疲劳实验,获得了小尺度样品的疲劳性能,并将其与标准块体CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品的疲劳性能进行了对比研究,研究利用超薄样品评价CA6NM不锈钢疲劳可靠性的可行性。研究发现,40 μm厚的超薄CA6NM钢样品拉伸强度比块体样品略高,但拉伸塑性明显降低;单轴加载下的40 μm厚的超薄样品在低周区的疲劳强度低于标准块体样品获得的疲劳强度,随着应力幅的降低,在高周区两者的疲劳强度性能差异逐渐减小,疲劳极限较为接近。相同40 μm厚的超薄样品的对称弯曲疲劳加载获得的疲劳强度远高于单轴拉-拉疲劳加载获得的疲劳强度,且高于块体样品的疲劳强度。小尺度超薄样品的疲劳性能与加载方式密切相关,对小尺度样品疲劳性能与块体材料疲劳性能差异的微观机理进行了探讨,并评价了采用小尺度超薄样品评价CA6NM钢疲劳可靠性的可行性。

关键词 ：马氏体不锈钢, 疲劳性能, 小尺度样品, 尺寸效应, 核电材料

Abstract：

Since structural components in the nuclear power plant are unable to be disassembled during their in service process, it is an urgent and key problem how to quickly and non-destructively evaluate fatigue reliability of these key structural components by using miniature specimens. Fatigue properties of miniature specimens of CA6NM martensite stainless steel for impellers in the nuclear pump were obtained by using symmetrically bending fatigue loading and uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading, respectively. A comparison of fatigue properties between the miniature specimens and bulk specimens was conducted to examine feasibility for the evaluation of fatigue reliability of the CA6NM steel using miniature specimens. The results show that tensile strength of the 40 μm-thick CA6NM specimens is slightly higher than that of the bulk specimens, but elongation of the 40 μm-thick specimens is lower than that of the bulk counterparts. In low cycle fatigue regime, fatigue strength of the 40 μm-thick specimens subjected to uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading is lower than that of the standard bulk counterparts. With decreasing the applied stress amplitude, the difference in fatigue properties gradually decreases, and the fatigue limit of the miniature specimen is close to that of the bulk counterparts. Fatigue strength of the 40 μm-thick specimens subjected to bending fatigue loading is much higher than that subjected to uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading, and also higher than that of the bulk counterparts. Fatigue strength of the miniature specimens is related to the loading mode. The difference in the fatigue mechanism between the miniature specimens and the bulk counterparts is discussed, and the feasibility to evaluate fatigue reliability of the steel using miniature specimens is addressed.

Key words： martensite stainless steel fatigue property miniature specimen size effect nuclear power material

收稿日期: 2018-01-15

ZTFLH:

TG142.71

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目Nos.51771207和51501117

作者简介:

作者简介马也飞,男,1994年生,硕士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00023 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V54/I10/1359

图1 实验用3种CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品的形状及尺寸示意图

图2 微米厚度悬臂梁样品相对电阻随疲劳加载周次变化曲线和悬臂梁样品在给定加载挠度下的变形形貌观察与标定

图3 CA6NM马氏体不锈钢的显微组织及马氏体板条长度与宽度统计分析

图4 块体和40 μm厚CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品的拉伸应力-应变曲线

图5 CA6NM马氏体不锈钢的40 μm厚悬臂梁样品应变幅-疲劳寿命关系及转换为应力比R=0.1下的应力幅-疲劳寿命曲线

图6 应力幅为402 MPa下对称弯曲疲劳加载的超薄样品断口及表面损伤SEM像

图7 应力幅为230 MPa下的超薄样品拉-拉疲劳断口和表面损伤的SEM像

图8 应力幅为261 MPa的块体样品拉-压疲劳断裂行为的SEM像

图9 受厚度控制的CA6NM马氏体不锈钢样品疲劳损伤行为示意图

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