铁素体-贝氏体双相钢韧性断裂过程中的夹杂物临界尺寸及孔洞生长

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00293

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (5): 611-622 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00293

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

铁素体-贝氏体双相钢韧性断裂过程中的夹杂物临界尺寸及孔洞生长

赵亚峰¹^,², 刘苏杰¹, 陈云¹, 马会¹, 马广财³, 郭翼¹(

)

¹中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
²东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819
³中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Critical Inclusion Size and Void Growth in Dual-Phase Ferrite-Bainite Steel During Ductile Fracture

ZHAO Yafeng¹^,², LIU Sujie¹, CHEN Yun¹, MA Hui¹, MA Guangcai³, GUO Yi¹(

)

¹Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
²School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
³Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

赵亚峰, 刘苏杰, 陈云, 马会, 马广财, 郭翼. 铁素体-贝氏体双相钢韧性断裂过程中的夹杂物临界尺寸及孔洞生长[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 611-622.
Yafeng ZHAO, Sujie LIU, Yun CHEN, Hui MA, Guangcai MA, Yi GUO. Critical Inclusion Size and Void Growth in Dual-Phase Ferrite-Bainite Steel During Ductile Fracture[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(5): 611-622.

全文: PDF(3069 KB) HTML

摘要:

利用多模态关联成像方法研究了铁素体-贝氏体双相钢韧性断裂过程中局部微结构对孔洞生长的影响。首先使用X射线CT成像技术，从宏观层面量化分析了变形过程中孔洞的生长，并定位典型孔洞的空间坐标。之后对选定的目标孔洞，采用等离子体聚焦离子束(PFIB)进行连续切片三维电子背散射衍射(3D-EBSD)扫描成像，从介观层面研究孔洞周围微观组织对孔洞形核与生长的影响。结果显示，夹杂物周围和贝氏体中均有孔洞形成。尽管有时促使大尺寸孔洞生长的应变比小尺寸孔洞处的应变更小，但相比于在小尺寸夹杂物或贝氏体中形核的孔洞，大尺寸夹杂物导致的孔洞体积更大。进一步对孔洞周围的位错密度研究显示，上述现象可能是由于不同尺寸的夹杂物周围应变梯度不同造成的。孔洞周围的位错密度与诱发孔洞的夹杂物尺寸成反比，存在明显的尺寸效应，表明影响孔洞生长的夹杂物存在一个临界尺寸。利用解析理论模型推测出夹杂物临界尺寸范围为1.85~2.86 µm，小于该临界尺寸的夹杂物诱发的孔洞，由于局部变形梯度效应，位错塞积会阻碍孔洞的生长。孔洞的生长是非均匀的且其形状表现出各向异性，孔洞生长形貌与周围晶粒的可变形性相关，可用晶粒尺寸加权的Schmid因子描述。

关键词 ：铁素体-贝氏体双相钢, 孔洞形核与生长, 3D-EBSD, XCT, 尺寸效应

Abstract：

Ferrite-bainite dual-phase steel is widely used in the automotive industry owing to its high strength and excellent ductility. The impact of inclusions and void growth behavior in dual-phase steel is a major concern among researchers seeking to achieve better mechanical properties. To investigate this, a cross-length-scale multimodal method was employed to study the influence of local microstructures on void growth during ductile fracture of a dual-phase ferrite-bainite steel. During tensile testing, laboratory X-ray computed tomography (XCT) was used to measure the evolution of void volume. 3D-electron back scatter diffraction (3D-EBSD) provided information about the voids nucleated at both inclusion particles and bainite phases or their boundaries. Carefully controlled, broad-focused ion beam excavation was performed to reveal a new interface at a specific depth of the voids. Results showed that voids resulting from large inclusions are significantly bigger than either small inclusions or the bainite phase. Large inclusions lead to large voids even when the strain correlated with the growth of those voids is lower. An investigation of the dislocation densities surrounding the voids suggested that they may be related to the strain gradient around the different inclusion sizes. A critical inclusion size estimated to be around 1.85-2.86 μm was found below which nucleation occurs but with limited growth. The elevated rate of local dislocation multiplication due to local deformation gradient effects can impede the growth of smaller voids. The growth of voids is heterogeneous, and their shape correlates well with the deformability of the surrounding grains, as indicated by a Schmid factor weighted using the grain size. This weighted Schmid factor explains not only the shape of the voids but also sheds light on the ease of void coalescence based on the microstructures separating the voids.

Key words： dual-phase ferrite-bainite steel void nucleation and growth 3D-EBSD X-ray computed tomography size effect

收稿日期: 2022-06-15

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52201149);国家科技重大专项项目(J2019-VI-0019-0134);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(XDC04000000);ERC CORREL-CT(695638)

作者简介: 赵亚峰，男，1993年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00293 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I5/611

图1 拉伸应力达到极限抗拉强度(UTS)后在不同工程应变(ε)水平下和断裂后的XCT二维切片图和单向拉伸应力-应变曲线

图2 图1a中2个孔洞的等效直径与样品相应截面上真实应变的关系

图3 研究孔洞生长的多模态关联表征方法

图4 图1a所示的2个孔洞及其周围晶粒的XCT三维视图，以及孔洞生长的位错环机制示意图

图5 低应变区和包含孔洞1和孔洞2的中间截面高应变区域的EBSD带对比图和Euler角着色像

图6 PFIB-SEM样本(体积约98 μm × 98 μm × 80 μm)中孔洞的尺寸和类型，以及每种类型孔洞形貌的SEM像

图7 孔洞尺寸与夹杂物尺寸的关系

图8 孔洞周围的平均几何必需位错(GND)密度与夹杂物尺寸的关系

图9 孔洞1和孔洞2的GND密度和Schmid因子，孔洞的EBSD带对比图、Schmid因子分布图、加权Schmid因子分布图和GND密度分布图

Material	μ / GPa	σ_y / MPa	$d σ d ε$ / MPa	r_c / µm
Low-carbon steel	80	295	200	2.06
Ferrite in ferrite-bainite dual-phase steel^[45]	72	370	106	2.51
Bainite in ferrite-bainite dual-phase steel^[45]	76	830	258	0.51
Ferrite in 600 MPa ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[46]	78	313	160	2.30
Martensite in 600 MPa ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[46]	79	1014	167	0.32
Ferrite in 1000 MPa ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[46]	78	443	141	1.85
Martensite in 1000 MPa ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[46]	79	813	280	0.52
Ferrite in ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[47]	79	260	159	2.86
Martensite in ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[47]	79	1000	460	0.26
Ferrite in ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[48]	77	430	117	2.24
Martensite in ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel^[48]	77	1450	431	0.18

表1 不同钢种依据式(6)的夹杂物临界尺寸估算

表2 不同钢种夹杂物临界尺寸[48~56]

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