FV520B不锈钢激光熔覆热影响区组织演变及其对力学性能的影响<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00489

金属学报

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (1): 1-9 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00489

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

FV520B不锈钢激光熔覆热影响区组织演变及其对力学性能的影响^*

徐滨士^1,²,方金祥^1,²,董世运¹(

),刘晓亭¹,闫世兴¹,宋超群^1,²,夏丹¹

1 装甲兵工程学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室, 北京 100072
2 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150001

HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLU- TION AND ITS EFFECTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR LASER CLADDING FV520B STAINLESS STEEL

Binshi XU^1,²,Jinxiang FANG^1,²,Shiyun DONG¹(

),Xiaoting LIU¹,Shixing YAN¹,Chaoqun SONG^1,²,Dan XIA¹

1 National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing, Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing 100072, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

引用本文:

徐滨士,方金祥,董世运,刘晓亭,闫世兴,宋超群,夏丹. FV520B不锈钢激光熔覆热影响区组织演变及其对力学性能的影响^*[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(1): 1-9.
Binshi XU, Jinxiang FANG, Shiyun DONG, Xiaoting LIU, Shixing YAN, Chaoqun SONG, Dan XIA. HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLU- TION AND ITS EFFECTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR LASER CLADDING FV520B STAINLESS STEEL[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(1): 1-9.

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摘要:

对FV520B不锈钢零件的激光熔覆热影响区进行了组织特征分析, 结合过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变(CCT)实验、模拟热影响区拉伸及冲击实验, 研究了热影响区组织及力学性能的演变规律和机理. 结果表明, 热影响区可以按照组织演化特点分为4个特征区域: 半熔区(A区), 析出相溶解区(B区), 完全奥氏体化区(C区)和部分奥氏体化区(D区). 各区域均为马氏体组织, 靠近界面区域的组织较为粗大, 第二相发生溶解, 硬度更高, 固态相变点更低; 距界面稍远区域回火马氏体增多, 第二相未溶解, 但有长大的趋势, 硬度较低, 固态相变点较高, 接近原始材料. 决定激光熔覆热影响区组织及力学性能的最主要因素是热循环的最高温度, 最高温度越高, 强度损失越大, 固态相变点越低, 相应硬度越高, 延伸率及冲击功降低.

关键词 ：激光熔覆, 热影响区, 马氏体不锈钢, 组织转变

Abstract：

FV520B steel is a martensitic stainless steel developed by Firth-Vickers, with good corrosion resistance and weldability, high strength and toughness. It has been widely used in heavy load and corrosion-resistant components such as compressor impeller, valves, fasteners and pump shafts, which are easy to be damaged because of severe service-environments. The production cycle of those expensive components are long. If these components can be repaired and remanufactured, the accessional value of the products can be reserved. At the same time, it can save time, resources and funds, and reduce environmental pollutions. Laser cladding is an attractive green reconstruction technology, which is widely used for the remanufacturing of faulty metal parts. However, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of remanufactured parts will experience cycles of heating and cooling during the cladding operation, its properties will change and may be extremely different than that of the unaffected area of the base material. Hence, the study of HAZ of FV520B steel is essential. The laser cladding on FV520B stainless steel was conducted to investigate the evolutions of microstructure and mechanical property of HAZ. The microstructure of the HAZ was characterized by means of OM and SEM, and hardness distribution was measured. Thermo-simulation was carried out to analyze the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram, which provides useful instructions to investigate the microstructure evolution of HAZ. Simulated HAZ specimens and its mechanical properties were obtained by Gleeble 3500 thermal/mechanical simulator and MTS 810 material testing system. The results indicate that, HAZ can be divided into four zones: semi-melton zone, precipitation dissolved zone, completely austenization zone and partially austenization zone. The microstructures of the HAZ are martensite, the grain grows and second phase particles dissolve in the areas near the fusion zone. Meanwhile, its martensite transformation start temperature lower, and hardness higher than that of the unaffected area of the base material. The maximum temperature of thermal cycle dominates the evolution of microstructure and property of HAZ. With the decrease of the maximum temperature, the solid-state transformation temperature, elongation and impact energy increase, and the hardness decrease. Thermal cycle have a little influence to the tensile strength of HAZ under the processing parameters in this study. It can be speculated that the reduction in impact toughness and elongation of the HAZ can be controlled by decreasing the scanning speed of cladding.

Key words： laser cladding heat-affected zone martensitic stainless steel structural transformation

收稿日期: 2015-09-18

基金资助:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2011CB010403和装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室基金项目9140C85040314OC85353资助

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00489 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2016/V52/I1/1

图1 拉伸试样示意图

图2 FV520B激光熔覆热影响区形貌的OM像

图3 激光熔覆热影响区硬度

图4 锻造时效态FV520B钢在2种奥氏体化工艺下连续冷却转变曲线

图5 以不同速率冷却的Case I试样显微形貌的OM像

图6 以不同速率冷却的Case II试样显微形貌的OM像

图7 2种奥氏体化工艺试样对应的马氏体相变开始温度Ms及硬度

图8 FV520B钢及模拟热影响区试样的典型拉伸曲线

图9 FV520B钢及模拟热影响区试样的拉伸断口形貌

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