Q-P-T处理贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂特性研究<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00660

金属学报

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (9): 1036-1044 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00660

论文

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Q-P-T处理贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂特性研究^*

桂晓露¹,张宝祥²,高古辉¹(

),赵平³,白秉哲^1,³,翁宇庆^1,³

1 北京交通大学机电学院材料中心, 北京 100044
2 北京有色金属研究总院有研亿金新材料有限公司, 北京 102200
3 清华大学材料学院先进材料教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF BAINITE/MARTENSITE MULTIPHASE HIGH STRENGTH STEEL TREATEDBY QUENCHING-PARTITIONING-TEMPERING PROCESS

Xiaolu GUI¹,Baoxiang ZHANG²,Guhui GAO¹(

),Ping ZHAO³,Bingzhe BAI^1,³,Yuqing WENG^1,³

1 Materials Science and Engineering Research Center, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
2 GRIKIN Advanced Materials Co. Ltd., Beijing General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 102200, China
3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

引用本文:

桂晓露,张宝祥,高古辉,赵平,白秉哲,翁宇庆. Q-P-T处理贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂特性研究^*[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(9): 1036-1044.
Xiaolu GUI, Baoxiang ZHANG, Guhui GAO, Ping ZHAO, Bingzhe BAI, Yuqing WENG. FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF BAINITE/MARTENSITE MULTIPHASE HIGH STRENGTH STEEL TREATEDBY QUENCHING-PARTITIONING-TEMPERING PROCESS[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(9): 1036-1044.

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摘要:

对20Mn2SiCrNiMo贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢进行淬火-配分-回火(Q-P-T)工艺处理, 并采用紧凑拉伸试样进行疲劳实验. 结果表明, Q-P-T工艺参数对贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢的疲劳断裂特性具有显著影响, 经过合理的Q-P-T工艺处理的贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢具有较高的疲劳门槛值(ΔK_th=13.2 MPam^1/2)及较低的裂纹扩展速率. 显微组织及裂纹扩展路径观察显示, Q-P-T处理的贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢的显微组织包括贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体薄膜, 其中“柳叶状”贝氏体及纳米级残余奥氏体薄膜可以阻碍裂纹扩展, 迫使裂纹转折、分叉或“间断”, 这是贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂性能改善的主要因素.

关键词 ：疲劳断裂, 贝氏体, 淬火-配分-回火工艺, 残余奥氏体, 显微组织

Abstract：

Recently, low-cost advanced high strength steels (AHSS) with high toughness and fatigue limit have been developed in order to ensure the safety and lightweight of the engineering components. As promising candidates for next generation of AHSS, the bainite/martensite multiphase high strength steels exhibit excellent combination of strength and toughness due to the refined multiphase microstructure and retained austenite films located between bainitic ferrite laths. The previous works showed that the mechanical properties of bainite/martensite multiphase steels can be further improved through quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) process. In the present work, the effect of Q-P-T process on the microstructure and fatigue behaviors of steels was investigated, and the relationship between the microstructure and the fatigue crack propagation was discussed in detail. Here, a 20Mn2SiCrNiMo bainite/martensite multiphase steel was treated by Q-P-T processes: (1) quenching to 200 ℃, partitioning at 280 ℃ for 45 min and finally tempering at 250 ℃ for 2 h (QPT200 sample); (2) quenching to 320 ℃, partitioning at 360 ℃ for 45 min and finally tempering at 250 ℃ for 2 h (QPT320 sample). Microstructure observations showed that the QPT200 sample consisted of leaf-shaped bainite, martensite and filmy retained austenite (RA), while some blocky martensite/austenite (M/A) islands were observed in QPT320 sample. The volume fractions of retained austenite in QPT200 and QPT320 samples are 4.5% and 9.8%, respectively. The fatigue crack propagation rate da/dN and threshold value of fatigue cracking ΔK_th were measured using compact-tensile specimens. The results showed that the Q-P-T process parameters had a significant influence on the microstructures and fatigue properties of the bainite/martensite multiphase steels. The bainite/martensite multiphase steel after appropriate Q-P-T treatment (QPT 200 sample in the present work) has higher ΔK_th and lower da/dN, which originates from the resistance on fatigue crack propagation due to the presence of leaf-shaped bainite and nanometer-sized retained austenite films. Furthermore, although the volume fraction of retained austenite in QPT320 sample is higher than that in QPT200 sample, the ΔK_th of QPT 320 sample is lower than that of QPT200 sample. It is suggested that the effect of retained austenite on the fatigue behaviors depends on its volume fraction, size and morphology.

Key words： fatigue fracture bainite quenching-partitioning-tempering process retained austenite microstructure

收稿日期: 2015-12-28

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金资助项目51271013

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00660 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2016/V52/I9/1036

图1 测试疲劳裂纹扩展速率用紧凑拉伸(C-T)试样示意图

表1 QPT200和QPT320试样的常规力学性能

图2 20MnSiCrNiMo钢经不同淬火-配分-回火(Q-P-T)工艺处理的QPT200和QPT320试样显微组织的SEM像和EBSD像

图3 QPT200试样残余奥氏体的TEM像

图4 QPT200和QPT320试样的疲劳裂纹扩展速率-应力强度因子(da/dN-ΔK)曲线

图5 QPT200试样门槛值区疲劳裂纹扩展路径

图6 QPT320试样门槛值区疲劳裂纹扩展路径

图7 QPT200和QPT320试样的疲劳断口形貌

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