强磁场对Al-4.5Cu合金定向凝固过程中织构和晶界的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00496

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (4): 473-482 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00496

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

强磁场对Al-4.5Cu合金定向凝固过程中织构和晶界的影响

钟华¹(

), 任忠鸣¹, 李传军¹, 钟云波¹, 玄伟东¹, 王秋良²

1 上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室, 上海 200072
2 中国科学院电工研究所, 北京 100190

TEXTURE FORMATION AND GRAIN BOUNDARY CHARACTERISTIC OF Al-4.5Cu ALLOYS DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED UNDER HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD

ZHONG Hua¹(

), REN Zhongming¹, LI Chuanjun¹, ZHONG Yunbo¹, XUAN Weidong¹, WANG Qiuliang²

1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072
2 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190

引用本文:

钟华, 任忠鸣, 李传军, 钟云波, 玄伟东, 王秋良. 强磁场对Al-4.5Cu合金定向凝固过程中织构和晶界的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(4): 473-482.
Hua ZHONG, Zhongming REN, Chuanjun LI, Yunbo ZHONG, Weidong XUAN, Qiuliang WANG. TEXTURE FORMATION AND GRAIN BOUNDARY CHARACTERISTIC OF Al-4.5Cu ALLOYS DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED UNDER HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(4): 473-482.

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摘要:

研究了顺磁性Al-4.5Cu合金添加Al-5Ti-1B细化剂后, 在强磁场下定向凝固时凝固组织中织构的形成规律和晶界特征分布. 结果表明: 当温度梯度为27 K/cm, 未施加磁场时, 细化后晶粒取向杂乱; 施加磁场后, 随着磁场强度的提高, 晶粒位向发生变化, 晶粒沿a-Al易磁化轴〈310〉发生取向排布. 伴随〈310〉织构的生成, 晶粒中重位点阵(CSL)晶界比例提高. 熔体中具有磁晶各向异性的a-Al晶粒在磁场下受磁转矩作用发生转动, 是织构生成的主要原因. 还讨论了磁场下流体流动对织构生成和晶界的影响.

关键词 ：强磁场, Al-4.5Cu合金, Al-5Ti-1B细化剂, 定向凝固, 取向, 晶界特征

Abstract：

Directional solidification of Al-4.5Cu alloy refined by adding Al-5Ti-1B has been carried out to investigate the texture formation and grain boundary characteristic of the paramagnetic crystal under a high magnetic field. OM and EBSD were applied to analyze the microstructures solidified at different temperature gradients (G) and magnetic field intensities (B). The results show that at the temperature gradient of 27 K/cm, the orientations of fcc a-Al grains without magnetic field are random. However, as a high magnetic field is imposed, the easy magnetization axes 〈310〉 of the a-Al grains are aligned parallel to the direction of the magnetic field leading to 〈310〉 texture. Meanwhile, the ratio of coincidence site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries increases with the increment of magnetic field intensity and reaches its maximum value at 4 T, but decreases as the magnetic field enhances further. On the other hand, when the temperature gradient is elevated, columnar dendrite morphology is exhibited without magnetic field; while a 6 T high magnetic field is introduced, the columnar dendrites are broken and equiaxed grains of random orientations are obtained. The alignment behavior of the free crystals in melt could be attributed to the magnetic crystalline anisotropy of a-Al. Moreover, the influence of fluid flow on the texture formation and CSL grain boundary development under magnetic field is discussed. The absence of convection is benefit for grain reorientation and CSL boundary formation. The application of high static magnetic field will inhibit the macro-scale convection. However, the interaction between thermoelectric current and magnetic field will cause micro-scale fluid flow, i.e., thermoelectric magnetic convection (TEMC). The TEMC will give rise to perturbation near the solid-liquid interface leading to the appearance of freckles as well as the decreasing of the ratio of CSL boundary. Moreover, it is proposed that the formation of CSL boundary is associated with the rotation of the free grains in melt along specific crystallographic axes by magnetic torque.

Key words： high magnetic field Al-4.5Cu alloy Al-5Ti-1B refinement directional solidification orientation grain boundary characteristic

ZTFLH:

TG146

基金资助:* 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2011CB010404, 国家自然科学基金项目51404148和51401116及上海市重大科技公关项目13DZ1108200, 13521101102和14521102900资助

作者简介: null

钟华, 男, 1984年生, 博士生

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图1 温度梯度为27 K/cm时, 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金在不同磁场强度下固液界面处的纵截面组织

图2 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金在不同温度梯度条件下, 有无磁场时固液界面处的纵截面组织

图3 温度梯度为27 K/cm时, 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金稳定生长段内横截面晶粒的EBSD重构图

图4 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金不同温度梯度下, 有无磁场时稳定生长段内横截面晶粒的EBSD重构图

图5 温度梯度为27 K/cm时, 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金稳定生长段内横截面晶粒的反极图

图6 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金不同温度梯度条件下, 有无磁场时稳定生长段内横截面晶粒的反极图

图7 温度梯度为27 K/cm时, 细化后的Al-4.5Cu合金稳定生长段内横截面晶粒在不同磁场强度下的晶界特征图

图8 a-Al晶粒在磁场中取向的示意图

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