纵向静磁场下单晶高温合金定向凝固籽晶回熔界面杂晶的形成与演化

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00193

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (12): 1568-1580 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00193

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纵向静磁场下单晶高温合金定向凝固籽晶回熔界面杂晶的形成与演化

苏震奇¹^,², 张丛江¹^,², 袁笑坦¹^,², 胡兴金¹^,², 芦可可¹^,², 任维丽¹^,²(

), 丁彪¹^,²(

), 郑天祥¹^,², 沈喆¹^,², 钟云波¹^,², 王晖³, 王秋良³

¹上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200444
²上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室上海 200444
³中国科学院电工研究所北京 100190

Formation and Evolution of Stray Grains on Remelted Interface in the Seed Crystal During the Directional Solidification of Single-Crystal Superalloys Assisted by Vertical Static Magnetic Field

SU Zhenqi¹^,², ZHANG Congjiang¹^,², YUAN Xiaotan¹^,², HU Xingjin¹^,², LU Keke¹^,², REN Weili¹^,²(

), DING Biao¹^,²(

), ZHENG Tianxiang¹^,², SHEN Zhe¹^,², ZHONG Yunbo¹^,², WANG Hui³, WANG Qiuliang³

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
²State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
³Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

引用本文:

苏震奇, 张丛江, 袁笑坦, 胡兴金, 芦可可, 任维丽, 丁彪, 郑天祥, 沈喆, 钟云波, 王晖, 王秋良. 纵向静磁场下单晶高温合金定向凝固籽晶回熔界面杂晶的形成与演化[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1568-1580.
Zhenqi SU, Congjiang ZHANG, Xiaotan YUAN, Xingjin HU, Keke LU, Weili REN, Biao DING, Tianxiang ZHENG, Zhe SHEN, Yunbo ZHONG, Hui WANG, Qiuliang WANG. Formation and Evolution of Stray Grains on Remelted Interface in the Seed Crystal During the Directional Solidification of Single-Crystal Superalloys Assisted by Vertical Static Magnetic Field[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(12): 1568-1580.

全文: PDF(4296 KB) HTML

摘要:

通过对单晶高温合金定向凝固生长过程中显微组织的考察，研究了磁场下杂晶在籽晶回熔区附近的产生及其在生长过程中的演变机制。磁场使得定向凝固籽晶重熔区界面上出现大取向杂晶和大角度晶界，其多分布于样品边缘，磁场强度和抽拉速率的增大均增加了杂晶数量和大角度晶界长度。凝固起始阶段形成的大取向杂晶和大角度晶界以较快速率被淘汰，演化成小取向枝晶和小角度晶界；随着凝固继续进行，枝晶取向和晶界角度进一步减小，但是演化速率急剧降低，拉速的增大强化了此演变过程。重熔区界面上杂晶的形成是由于热电磁力对枝晶的扭断，而宏观尺度上的热电磁环流在凝固过程挟制着扭断碎晶，使得碎晶演化成较多分布于样品边缘的杂晶。

关键词 ：单晶高温合金, 纵向静磁场, 定向凝固, 杂晶

Abstract：

Nickel-based superalloys, especially single-crystal (SC) ones, have long been recognized as important materials for turbine blades used in aerospace and gas engines. Static magnetic fields are effective at controlling the material forming. The use of static magnetic fields during solidification has evolved as a sophisticated approach for efficiently controlling the microstructures and mechanical performance of metallic materials. In recent years, studies have shown that static magnetic fields have a complex effect on dendrites in SC superalloys. However, the mechanism of static magnetic fields regulating stray grains on remelted interface needs to be investigated further. This work studied the generation of stray grains near the seed remelted zone and the evolution mechanism during the directional solidification of the SC superalloy assisted by a magnetic field by tracing the solidification microstructure. The stray grains of large orientation that deviated from the <001> direction appeared on the remelted zone interface of the solidification microstructure when the magnetic field was applied, accompanied by the formation of a large-angle grain boundary (LAGB). Most of the stray grains were distributed at the sample edge. The increase in magnetic field intensity and pulling speed increased the number of stray grains and the length of the LAGB. As the solidification progressed, the large-orientation stray grains and the LAGBs were eliminated at a fast speed and evolved into small-orientation dendrites. During the following solidification, the orientation of the dendrites became even smaller and the evolution speed decreased sharply. The increase in withdrawal speed intensified the evolution process. The stray grains formed in the remelted zone can be attributed to the twisting dendrite by the thermoelectric magnetic force. The distribution of more stray grains around the sample was caused by the circulation from thermoelectric magnetic convection at the macroscopic scale.

Key words： single-crystal superalloy vertical static magnetic field directional solidification stray grain

收稿日期: 2022-04-24

ZTFLH:

TG132.3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51871142);省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室、上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用重点实验室自主研发项目(SKLASS 2021-Z08);上海市科学技术委员会项目(19DZ2270200)

通讯作者: 任维丽，wlren@staff.shu.edu.cn，主要从事磁场下高温合金定向凝固、高温合金性能的研究;
丁彪，dingbiao312@126.com，主要从事高温合金蠕变疲劳研究

作者简介: 苏震奇，男，1994年生，硕士生

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	苏震奇
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	胡兴金
	芦可可
	任维丽
	丁彪
	郑天祥
	沈喆
	钟云波
	王晖
	王秋良
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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00193 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I12/1568

图1 籽晶法定向凝固单晶高温合金样品及其显微组织

图2 抽拉速率为20 μm/s时，不同磁场强度下合金经定向凝固后在不同凝固长度处横截面的宏观形貌

图3 抽拉速率为20 μm/s时，不同磁场强度下合金经定向凝固后在不同凝固长度处EBSD反极图

图4 不同凝固距离处枝晶最大取向及枝晶取向偏离<001>角度大于20°的比例

图5 磁场下各凝固距离处不同角度范围段的晶界长度

图6 0.5 T磁场强度下不同抽拉速率时合金经定向凝固后在不同凝固长度处横截面宏观形貌

图7 0.5 T磁场强度下不同抽拉速率时合金经定向凝固后在不同凝固长度处横截面EBSD反极图

图8 0.5 T磁场不同抽拉速率下合金在各位置处不同角度的晶界长度

图9 0.5 T磁场强度下淬火界面形貌

图10 计算域和其网格划分：包括液相、固相和胞状液/固界面的计算域及其横截面

图11 不同磁场强度下胞晶液/固界面附近热电流与热电磁力分布

图12 不同磁场强度下样品熔体内流场结构

图13 偏离<001>方向不同角度的双晶竞争生长示意图

图14 反常淘汰的汇聚型双晶模型中枝晶前沿溶质富集层相互作用示意图

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