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金属学报  2020, Vol. 56 Issue (3): 291-300    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00314
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
部分再结晶退火对无取向硅钢的磁性能与力学性能的影响
于雷,罗海文()
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 北京 100083
Effect of Partial Recrystallization Annealing on Magnetic Properties and Mechanical Properties of Non-Oriented Silicon Steel
YU Lei,LUO Haiwen()
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
引用本文:

于雷,罗海文. 部分再结晶退火对无取向硅钢的磁性能与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(3): 291-300.
Lei YU, Haiwen LUO. Effect of Partial Recrystallization Annealing on Magnetic Properties and Mechanical Properties of Non-Oriented Silicon Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(3): 291-300.

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摘要: 

通过显微组织表征和磁性能、力学性能检测等实验,研究了含Nb高强无取向硅钢在900 ℃以下退火时的组织、织构、力学性能与磁性能的变化。在700~850 ℃范围内,随着退火温度增加,冷轧板回复并逐步发生部分再结晶,同时α织构总体趋于增强而γ织构减弱;而在900 ℃退火时发生完全再结晶,α织构受到抑制而γ织构显著增强。随着退火温度升高,由于回复和再结晶程度不断增强,位错密度显著降低和析出相的固溶、粗化,导致强度下降和塑性增强,高频铁损也显著降低。磁感应强度由α织构强度决定,850 ℃退火时,冷轧组织大部分发生再结晶,α织构最强,可以获得力学性能和磁性能的最佳匹配,此时磁感应强度B50最高为1.572 T,高频铁损P1.0/400为33.26 W/kg,屈服强度约为600 MPa,该高屈服强度主要来自位错强化、析出强化和细晶强化等综合贡献。

关键词 高强度无取向硅钢再结晶织构磁性能力学性能    
Abstract

With the rapid development of high-speed motors, traditional non-oriented silicon steel is difficult to meet its strength requirements. High strength enables resistance to deformation and fatigue fracture induced by centrifugal force. In this work, Nb element is added to traditional non-oriented silicon steel to improve its strength without greatly sacrificing good magnetism. The previous research on Nb-containing high strength non-oriented silicon steel showed that the annealing at high temperature led to good magnetic properties but poor mechanical properties. In order to improve the strength of the steel, the annealing temperature was decreased to make part of the dislocation structure retained in the cold rolled material. The influences of annealing below 900 ℃ on the microstructures, texture, magnetic and mechanical properties of cold rolled Nb-alloyed non-oriented electrical steel were investigated in this work. The increase of annealing temperature promoted recovery at 700~750 ℃ and led to a partial recrystallization with higher fraction at 800~850 ℃; meanwhile, α texture component was enhanced but γ texture suppressed with the increasing temperature. In contrast, the annealing at 900 ℃ resulted in a complete recrystallization, stronger γ but weaker α texture component. Higher annealing temperature produced lower strength and higher ductility as expected, due to dislocations annihilated by recovery and recrystallization, which also led to lower high-frequency iron loss. The value of magnetic induction B50 corresponds well with the intensity of α texture in the annealed steel, and reaches the maximum value at 850 ℃ due to the most intense α texture formed, at which the best combination of mechanical and magnetic properties is also achieved, including the value of magnetic flux B50 (1.572 T), high-frequency iron loss P1.0/400 (33.26 W/kg) and yield strength about 600 MPa, the latter is attributed to the multiple strengthening mechanisms including dislocation, precipitation and grain refinement strengthening.

Key wordshigh strength non-oriented silicon steel    recrystallization    texture    magnetic property    mechanical property
收稿日期: 2019-09-25     
ZTFLH:  TG142.1  
作者简介: 于 雷,男,1992年生,硕士生
图1  含Nb无取向硅钢经不同工艺退火后的OM像
图2  含Nb无取向硅钢经退火后的EBSD晶界图与取向分布图
图3  含Nb无取向硅钢析出的富Nb相粒子在不同温度退火下的演变
T / ℃X / nmf / %σPS / MPa
70026.550.64129
75033.850.4287
80034.410.2262
85054.870.1637
90036.850.1345
表1  不同退火温度的富Nb析出相粒子尺寸、体积分数与计算的析出强化量
图4  含Nb无取向硅钢经不同工艺退火后的SEM像及Nb元素分布图
图5  含Nb无取向硅钢冷轧板和不同退火工艺后织构取向分布函数的φ2=45°截面图
图6  不同工艺退火后含Nb无取向硅钢冷轧后的织构组
图7  含Nb无取向硅钢经不同工艺退火后获得的工频铁损(P1.5/50)、高频铁损(P1.0/400)、磁感应强度(B50)及力学性能
图8  α织构与磁感应强度的关系
图9  各强化机制在不同温度退火后对强度的贡献
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