单晶高温合金共晶溶解行为的差热分析

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00093

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (12): 1559-1566 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00093

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

单晶高温合金共晶溶解行为的差热分析

张少华(

), 谢光, 董加胜, 楼琅洪

中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016

Investigation on Eutectic Dissolution Behavior of Single Crystal Superalloy by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ZHANG Shaohua(

), XIE Guang, DONG Jiasheng, LOU Langhong

Shi -Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

张少华, 谢光, 董加胜, 楼琅洪. 单晶高温合金共晶溶解行为的差热分析[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(12): 1559-1566.
Shaohua ZHANG, Guang XIE, Jiasheng DONG, Langhong LOU. Investigation on Eutectic Dissolution Behavior of Single Crystal Superalloy by Differential Scanning Calorimetry[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(12): 1559-1566.

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摘要:

选用一种第二代单晶高温合金，基于差示扫描量热技术(DSC)，采用对比法测量了铸态和完全热处理态样品的升温DSC曲线，研究了保温过程中单晶合金中γ′相、γ/γ′共晶相的相变温度变化规律。结果表明，1290和1300℃保温过程中，随着保温时间的延长，γ′相溶解温度和γ/γ′共晶相熔化温度先显著提高，然后缓慢增加。1300℃保温过程中，γ/γ′共晶体积分数随保温时间延长而逐渐降低。而1290℃保温过程中，随保温时间延长，共晶体积分数出现了先降低后增加的反常现象，这与金相实验方法相吻合。分析表明，枝晶间粗大γ′相未完全溶解，造成枝晶轴Ta元素向枝晶间扩散，促使共晶长大，从而使共晶体积分数增加。

关键词 ：单晶高温合金, 差示扫描量热技术, 固溶热处理, 共晶相变

Abstract：

Ni-based single crystal (SX) superalloys are used for the production of blades in gas turbines and aircraft engines because of their superior mechanical performance at high temperatures. To improve the temperature capabilities of modern SX superalloys, specific refractory elements are added to the alloys. This leads to micro-segregation in alloys, requiring a complex heat treatment process to eliminate γ/γ′ eutectic. Therefore, the dissolution process of γ/γ′ eutectic must be understood. In this study, a second-generation Ni-based SX superalloy was used to investigate the effect of extended holding time at 1290^oC and 1300^oC on the γ′ phase dissolving temperature (T_γ_′) and γ/γ′ eutectic phase-melting temperature (T_γ_/_γ_′), respectively. The method involves measuring the differential heating curves of as-cast and as heat-treated samples using DSC. The results showed that T_γ′ and T_γ_/_γ′ increased at a holding time of 2 h. However, with an increase in the holding time, the temperature increase was not obvious. The volume fraction of γ/γ′ eutectic decreased with the extended holding at 1300^oC, while the volume fraction of γ/γ′ eutectic increased after holding at 1290^oC for 8 h. This abnormal phenomenon was confirmed by the metallographic experiments. The analyses showed that the increase in the eutectic volume fraction was due to the incomplete dissolution of coarse γ′ phase at the inter-dendritic region, which resulted in the diffusion of Ta element from dendrite core to the inter-dendritic region, promoting eutectic growth.

Key words： single crystal superalloy differential scanning calorimetry solution heat treatment eutectic phase transition

收稿日期: 2021-03-01

ZTFLH:

TG132.3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51771204)

作者简介: 张少华，男，1984年生，副研究员，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00093 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I12/1559

图1 共晶相溶解动力学实验温度程序

图2 DD414单晶高温合金铸态和热处理态组织(1310℃、6 h)的OM和SEM像

表1 EPMA测量的铸态样品枝晶轴、细小γ/γ′共晶和粗大γ/γ′共晶的成分 (mass fraction / %)

图3 DD414单晶高温合金在1290℃保温不同时间的共晶形貌及分布图

图4 DD414单晶高温合金在1300℃保温不同时间的共晶形貌

图5 DD414单晶合金在1290和1300℃保温不同时间的升温DSC曲线

图6 DD414单晶合金在1290和1300℃固溶处理时，γ′相溶解温度(Tγ′)、共晶相开始熔化温度(Tγ/γ′)和熔化结束温度(TEnd, γ/γ′)随保温时间的变化

图7 DD414单晶高温合金共晶相含量随保温时间的变化

图8 DD414单晶高温合金等温保温过程中的ln[-ln(1 - f(t))]-lnt曲线

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