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金属学报  2020, Vol. 56 Issue (2): 129-136    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00209
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
NM500耐磨钢拉伸过程中TiN的破碎机制
吴翔,左秀荣(),赵威威,王中洋
郑州大学材料物理教育部重点实验室 郑州 450052
Mechanism of TiN Fracture During the Tensile Process of NM500 Wear-Resistant Steel
WU Xiang,ZUO Xiurong(),ZHAO Weiwei,WANG Zhongyang
Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
引用本文:

吴翔,左秀荣,赵威威,王中洋. NM500耐磨钢拉伸过程中TiN的破碎机制[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(2): 129-136.
Xiang WU, Xiurong ZUO, Weiwei ZHAO, Zhongyang WANG. Mechanism of TiN Fracture During the Tensile Process of NM500 Wear-Resistant Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(2): 129-136.

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摘要: 

采用SEM、EDS、TEM和EBSD技术结合热力学理论计算研究了NM500耐磨钢中微米级TiN的析出规律、破碎机制,以及基体对破碎机制的影响。结果表明,NM500钢拉伸断裂机制为混合模式,断口面微米级TiN存在2种破碎形貌:TiN处于断口表面,自身处于撕裂脊上;TiN处于深韧窝底部。钢中Ti元素在高温液态析出,形成大量微米级TiN颗粒,在受拉应力作用时出现3种破碎机制:TiN内单条裂纹萌生并扩展至基体,TiN内单条裂纹萌生但在基体处止裂,TiN内萌生多条裂纹并在基体处止裂。NM500耐磨钢中存在高应变区与微米级TiN,且原奥氏体晶粒粗大,TiN上产生裂纹后,基体止裂能力较差,从而使裂纹极易在基体上延伸。当存在多个TiN团簇时,裂纹连成一片形成薄弱带,从而使钢的塑性变差。

关键词 NM500耐磨钢TiN破碎机制EBSD    
Abstract

Low-alloy high-strength martensitic wear-resistant steel has been widely used in the field of construction machinery due to its low cost and excellent mechanical properties. Microalloying elements, especially Ti, B and other elements, have been widely used to improve the performance of low carbon steel. However, addition of Ti will cause micron-sized Ti precipitates in the continuous casting process, causing cleavage fracture. Therefore, it is necessary to study the micron-sized TiN to reduce its influence on the toughness of the material. SEM, EDS, TEM and EBSD methods were combined with thermodynamic theory to study the precipitation rule of micron-sized TiN in NM500 wear-resistant steel, the fracture mechanism and the influence of matrix on the fracture mechanism. The results show that the tensile fracture mechanism of NM500 steel is mixed mode. There are two fracture morphology of micron-sized TiN on fracture surface: TiN is on the fracture surface, being on the tear ridge; TiN is at the bottom of a deep dimple. The Ti element in the steel precipitates at high temperature and forms a large number of micron-sized TiN. There are three kinds of fracture mechanisms in TiN when subjected to tensile stress: A single crack appears in TiN initiates and spreads to the matrix; A single crack appears in TiN initiates but stops at the matrix; A plurality of cracks are generated in the TiN, and the crack stops at the base, with the TiN shape being preserved intact. There are high strain zones and micron-sized TiN in NM500 steel, and the prior austenite grains are coarse. When the TiN cracks, the matrix has a poor ability to arrest the cracks, then the crack can extend on the substrate easily. When a plurality of TiN clusters are formed, the cracks are connected into one piece to be a weak band, leading to a poor plasticity to the steel.

Key wordsNM500 wear-resistant steel    TiN    broken mechanism    EBSD
收稿日期: 2019-06-27     
ZTFLH:  TG142.1  
基金资助:河南省科技开放合作项目(182106000016)
作者简介: 吴 翔,男,1995年生,硕士生
图1  NM500钢试样拉伸断口及夹杂物的SEM像
图2  NM500钢试样拉伸断口夹杂物的EDS分析
图3  NM500钢试样腐蚀后断口剖面及TiN夹杂的SEM像
图4  NM500钢试样未腐蚀断口剖面上TiN夹杂的SEM像
图5  NM500钢中纳米级TiN的TEM像
图6  热力学平衡状态下NM500钢中各相的质量分数及温度与奥氏体中Ti含量的关系
图7  NM500钢拉伸过程中大颗粒TiN受力变化示意图
图8  NM500钢在厚度1/4和厚度中心的局部取向差分布图及定量分析
图9  NM500钢在厚度1/4和厚度中心的质量图及取向差定量分析
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