低应变预变形对变温马氏体相变行为的影响规律及作用机制

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00292

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (5): 575-585 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00292

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

低应变预变形对变温马氏体相变行为的影响规律及作用机制

王金亮, 王晨充, 黄明浩, 胡军, 徐伟(

)

东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室沈阳 110819

The Effects and Mechanisms of Pre-Deformation with Low Strain on Temperature-Induced Martensitic Transformation

WANG Jinliang, WANG Chenchong, HUANG Minghao, HU Jun, XU Wei(

)

State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

引用本文:

王金亮, 王晨充, 黄明浩, 胡军, 徐伟. 低应变预变形对变温马氏体相变行为的影响规律及作用机制[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(5): 575-585.
Jinliang WANG, Chenchong WANG, Minghao HUANG, Jun HU, Wei XU. The Effects and Mechanisms of Pre-Deformation with Low Strain on Temperature-Induced Martensitic Transformation[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(5): 575-585.

全文: PDF(10856 KB) HTML

摘要:

以321型不锈钢为实验材料，利用伪原位观察技术研究了300~4 K连续冷却过程中低应变预变形对变温马氏体相变行为的影响规律及作用机制。结果表明，在连续冷却过程中，低应变预变形提高了马氏体相变开始温度和最终的马氏体转变量，同时也加速了整个连续冷却过程中的马氏体相变。通过伪原位观察揭示了预变形引入的滑移带能有效地提供温度诱发ε-马氏体相变的形核质点，促进ε-马氏体转变，进而提高连续冷却过程中α'-马氏体相变的形核质点数量，促进α'-马氏体相变，完善了预变形引入的位错缺陷直接提供α'-马氏体相变的形核质点，促进α'-马氏体相变这一理论。此外，通过对滑移带缺陷的形核行为和形核优先性分析，揭示形变引入的滑移带与温度诱发的缺陷奥氏体具有相同的形核行为，但预变形引入的滑移带具有更高的形核优先性。同时对预变形试样中α'-马氏体的晶体学特征分析发现，滑移带能有效地改变α'-马氏体的变体选择，进而改变α'-马氏体的相变织构。

关键词 ：预变形, 马氏体相变, 深冷处理, 奥氏体不锈钢, 伪原位EBSD

Abstract：

Pre-deformation with low strain can effectively control the thermal stability of metastable austenite. Till now, research has mainly focused on the effect of pre-deformation on martensitic transformation at one or more temperatures. However, research is still lacking on the effect of pre-deformation on the temperature at which martensite is formed (M_s), the final martensite content, and the transformational kinetics during continuous cooling. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying how pre-deformation affects martensitic transformation has not been reported. In this work, the influence rule and the corresponding effect of pre-deformation with low strain on martensitic transformation induced by temperature under continuous cooling from 300 K to 4 K was studied with 321 stainless steel samples by using the quasi-in-situ observation technique. The results show that M_s and the final amount of martensite increased under pre-deformation with low strain, and the martensitic transformation during continuous cooling was simultaneously accelerated. The quasi-in-situ observation demonstrated that the slip bands introduced by pre-deformation effectively provided nucleation sites for ε-martensite transformation. Accordingly, the formed ε-martensite increased the number of α'-martensite nucleation sites during continuous cooling, and finally promoted α'-martensite transformation. This builds on the theory proposed by other researchers that the dislocation defects introduced by pre-deformation directly provide the nucleation sites for α'-martensite transformation, and thus, promote martensitic transformation. In addition, by analyzing the nucleation behavior and nucleation priority at slip band defects, it is shown that the nucleation behavior of slip bands introduced by the pre-deformation was similar to that of faulted austenite induced by temperature. However, it is worth noting that the slip bands introduced by pre-deformation had a relatively higher nucleation priority. The crystallography of α'-martensite in the pre-deformed samples was analyzed, and it was found that the slip bands effectively changed the variant selection of α'-martensite so that the texture of α'-martensite was modified. This study advances the existing theory of martensitic transformation and provides theoretical guidance for the proactive control of temperature-induced martensitic transformation.

Key words： pre-deformation martensitic transformation cryogenic treatment austenite stainless steel quasi-in-situ EBSD

收稿日期: 2020-08-06

ZTFLH:

TG111.8

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U1808208);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0703001)

作者简介: 王金亮，男，1988年生，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00292 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I5/575

图1 室温变形5%前后321型不锈钢试样显微组织的ECCI-SEM像

图2 预变形引入缺陷的形貌及晶体结构(a) TEM image and corresponding SAED pattern (inset)(b) t-EBSD band contrast map(c) corresponding t-EBSD phase map of Fig.2b, where the blue area, white area, and red area refer to austenite, ε-martensite, and α'-martensite, respectively

图3 预变形与未变形321型不锈钢试样在深冷处理过程中α'-马氏体的含量及相变速率

图4 退火态321型不锈钢试样在预变形+深冷处理过程中的显微组织演化(a) EBSD band contrast map of annealed sample(b) SE-SEM image of sample subjected to pre-deformation of 5%(c) SE-SEM image of sample subjected to pre-deformation of 5% and cryogenic treatment(d) corresponding EBSD band contrast map of Fig.4c (Grey areas, white areas, and red areas represent the austenite, ε-martensite, and α'-martensite, respectively)

图5 321型不锈钢预变形试样深冷处理后ε-马氏体的晶体学特征(a) ε-martensite inverse pole figure (IPF) map obtained by EBSD for the directions parallel to the rolling direction of the sample(b) ε-martensite IPF map for the directions parallel to the tangential direction of the sample

图6 321型不锈钢预变形试样深冷处理后α'-马氏体的晶体学特征(a) α'-martensite IPF map obtained by EBSD for the directions parallel to the rolling direction of the sample(b) α'-martensite IPF map for the directions parallel to the tangential direction of the sample

图7 奥氏体、ε-马氏体和α'-马氏体取向的低指数极图(a) pole figure of γ (b) pole figure of ε-martensite (c) pole figure of α'-martensite

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