粉末高温合金中<strong>SiO<sub>2</sub></strong>夹杂物与基体的界面反应机理及对其变形行为的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00101

金属学报

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (11): 1437-1447 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00101

研究论文

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粉末高温合金中SiO₂夹杂物与基体的界面反应机理及对其变形行为的影响

冯业飞,周晓明,邹金文(

),王超渊,田高峰,宋晓俊,曾维虎

中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进高温结构材料重点实验室北京100095

Interface Reaction Mechanism Between SiO₂ and Matrix and Its Effect on the Deformation Behavior of Inclusionsin Powder Metallurgy Superalloy

FENG Yefei,ZHOU Xiaoming,ZOU Jinwen(

),WANG Chaoyuan,TIAN Gaofeng,SONG Xiaojun,ZENG Weihu

Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory, AEEC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China

引用本文:

冯业飞,周晓明,邹金文,王超渊,田高峰,宋晓俊,曾维虎. 粉末高温合金中SiO₂夹杂物与基体的界面反应机理及对其变形行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(11): 1437-1447.
Yefei FENG, Xiaoming ZHOU, Jinwen ZOU, Chaoyuan WANG, Gaofeng TIAN, Xiaojun SONG, Weihu ZENG. Interface Reaction Mechanism Between SiO₂ and Matrix and Its Effect on the Deformation Behavior of Inclusionsin Powder Metallurgy Superalloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(11): 1437-1447.

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摘要:

通过人工植入夹杂物的方法，采用SEM、EPMA、TEM、纳米压痕和微纳CT研究了FGH96粉末高温合金中30和60 μm SiO₂夹杂物在粉末态、热等静压(HIP)和热挤压(HEX)过程中形貌、尺寸以及化学成分的演变规律，深入揭示了SiO₂夹杂物与基体发生界面反应的机理，定量研究了夹杂物在粉末态、HIP态以及HEX态下尺寸的变化，表征了夹杂物在挤压棒材中的三维形貌。结果表明，在粉末态时，夹杂物呈长条状或板条状；在HIP过程中，夹杂物与基体发生了置换反应，形成了内部TiO₂、外部Al₂O₃并弥散分布于γ基体的复合夹杂物，确定了形成氧化物的物相种类，揭示了界面反应机理，同时，30 μm SiO₂周围未出现γ'相贫化区，60 μm SiO₂周围形成了γ'相贫化区，合金基体较γ'相贫化区具有较高弹性模量和纳米硬度，γ'相贫化区为软化区，反应后30和60 μm SiO₂夹杂物尺寸分别约为35和75 μm, 体积得到进一步增大；在挤压过程中，60 μm SiO₂由于贫化区的存在表现出与30 μm SiO₂不同的变形行为，并通过SEM观察统计的夹杂物尺寸与理论计算和微纳CT测试结果进行了对比验证。

关键词 ：粉末高温合金, SiO₂夹杂物, 界面反应机理, 定量尺寸变化, 微纳CT

Abstract：

Powder metallurgy (P/M) Ni-based superalloy has been the most important material for high-temperature structural application in turbine disc owing to its good tensile and creep properties. However, the inclusions in P/M superalloy have an important impact on the safety and reliability of superalloy. By means of implanting SiO₂ inclusions artificially, the evolution rule of morphology, size and chemical composition of 30 and 60 μm inclusions in FGH96 superalloy during powder, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and hot extrusion (HEX) processes was investigated by SEM, EPMA, TEM, nanoindentation and Micro-CT. The interfacial reaction mechanism between inclusions and matrix alloy was revealed deeply, the size change of inclusions during different stages was studied quantitatively, and the 3D morphology of inclusions was characterized. The results show that the inclusions in powder stage are long stripe or plate-like shape, the displacement reaction happened in the process of HIP, which produced the composite inclusions with TiO₂inside and Al₂O₃ outside dispersed uniformly in the γ matrix, and the phase types of oxides were confirmed, furthermore, the reaction mechanism was figured out. Meanwhile, the denuded zone of γ' phase appeared around the inclusions with the dimension of 60 μm, but not 30 μm. The alloy matrix had higher elastic modulus and hardness than the denuded zone of γ' phase, implying that the denuded zone was softened zone. After the reaction, the dimension of inclusions became larger, the average size of 30 and 60 μm inclusions were 35 and 75 μm, respectively. During the HEX, owing to existence of the denuded zone, 60 μm inclusions had different deformation behaviors with 30 μm inclusions, and the dimension of inclusions obtained from statistics by SEM was used to contrast and validate with the results from formula calculation and Micro-CT.

Key words： powder metallurgy superalloy SiO₂ inclusion interface reaction mechanism quantitative size change Micro-CT

收稿日期: 2019-04-08

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

作者简介: 冯业飞，男，1985年生，工程师，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00101 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2019/V55/I11/1437

图1 名义尺寸为30 和60 μm的植入SiO2粉末颗粒的SEM像和EDS

图2 名义尺寸为30 和60 μm 的SiO2在HIP下的SEM像

图3 HIP态复合夹杂物的SEM像和EPMA元素面扫描图

图4 HIP态复合夹杂物周围γ'相的SEM像

图5 复合夹杂物组成示意图

图6 名义尺寸为30 μm的复合夹杂物的TEM像、SAED谱和EDS

图7 60 μm SiO2夹杂物纳米压痕测试分布图

表1 60 μm SiO2夹杂物不同区域微观力学性能

图8 HEX棒材不同部位夹杂物沿HEX变形方向的SEM像

图9 挤压过程中夹杂物剪切变形示意图

图10 挤压比6∶1时挤压棒材不同部位夹杂物的三维形貌尺寸

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