超细晶粒钢中晶粒尺寸对塑性的影响模型<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00678

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (7): 777-783 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00678

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超细晶粒钢中晶粒尺寸对塑性的影响模型^*

刘觐¹,朱国辉^1,²(

)

2 安徽工业大学冶金工程学院, 马鞍山243000

MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF GRAIN SIZE ON PLASTI-CITY IN ULTRA-FINE GRAIN SIZE STEELS

Jin LIU¹,Guohui ZHU^1,²(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083
2 School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000

引用本文:

刘觐,朱国辉. 超细晶粒钢中晶粒尺寸对塑性的影响模型^*[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(7): 777-783.
Jin LIU, Guohui ZHU. MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF GRAIN SIZE ON PLASTI-CITY IN ULTRA-FINE GRAIN SIZE STEELS[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(7): 777-783.

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摘要:

以作者前期提出的位错塞积模型为基础, 结合断裂强度与晶粒尺寸的关系, 建立了晶粒细化导致超细晶粒钢总伸长率降低的临界晶粒尺寸的计算模型. 以晶粒尺寸从10 mm减小到0.2 mm为例, 计算结果表明, 钢的总塑性伸长率随着晶粒尺寸的减小首先呈现增加的趋势, 但是当晶粒尺寸减小到大约2.5 mm后, 随着晶粒尺寸的减小, 钢的总伸长率不仅不再增加, 反而出现了显著的降低, 这一结果较好地吻合了近期超细晶粒材料研究的实验现象. 本工作的研究说明, 导致超细晶粒钢伸长率降低的主要机制在于当晶粒细化到一定程度后, 晶界对位错源开动的阻力增大, 由此导致的可动位错数目显著降低使得应变量显著减少.

关键词 ：塑性, 超细晶粒, 晶粒尺寸, 位错塞积, 位错源

Abstract：

Based on our earlier preliminary work, a model was developed for prediction of the critical grain size where the plasticity would be decreased as the grain refined. In the model the effect of grain size on the fracture strength was combined. The prediction of the model exhibited that in the range of grain size of 10 mm to 0.2 mm as an example, the total elongation of the steels would be firstly increased. But when the grain size was refined to 2.5 mm and below, the total elongation of the steels was not increased but decreased sharply, which was good agreement with the experimental results published recently. Present work illustrated that the dominant mechanism of the elongation decreased in the ultra-fine grain size materials is due to increase in resistance force of grain boundaries on the dislocation sources resulting in the difficulty of activation of dislocation movements. Its expression would be the decrease of the plastic strain in macro-level.

Key words： plasticity ultrafine grain size grain size dislocation pile-up dislocation source

基金资助:*国家自然科学基金项目51071026和教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目资助

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00678 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I7/777

图1 多晶体材料的断裂强度 σf 随晶粒尺寸d的变化

图2 单个晶粒中的位错塞积示意图

图3 相应断裂强度下单个晶粒的位移量 Df0 随d的变化曲线

图4 晶界阻碍Frank-Read源(FR源)增殖产生位错的示意图

图5 外加应力分别为616 MPa, 1946 MPa和相应的断裂强度时, 多晶体中FR源的可开动几率Ff随d的变化关系曲线

图6 钢的总塑性伸长率ef随d的变化关系曲线

图7 超细晶粒钢的均匀伸长率eu或总伸长率ef随d的变化关系的实验数据[5,6,9,37~42]

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