初始晶粒尺寸和强化相对<strong>GH4096</strong>高温合金热变形行为和再结晶的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00532

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (7): 855-870 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00532

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

初始晶粒尺寸和强化相对GH4096高温合金热变形行为和再结晶的影响

李福林¹^,², 付锐¹^,²(

), 白云瑞³, 孟令超¹^,², 谭海兵³, 钟燕³, 田伟³, 杜金辉¹^,², 田志凌²

¹北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司北京 100081
²钢铁研究总院有限公司北京 100081
³中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院成都 610400

Effects of Initial Grain Size and Strengthening Phase on Thermal Deformation and Recrystallization Behavior of GH4096 Superalloy

LI Fulin¹^,², FU Rui¹^,²(

), BAI Yunrui³, MENG Lingchao¹^,², TAN Haibing³, ZHONG Yan³, TIAN Wei³, DU Jinhui¹^,², TIAN Zhiling²

¹GaoNa Aero Material Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
²Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
³AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Research Institute, Chengdu 610400, China

引用本文:

李福林, 付锐, 白云瑞, 孟令超, 谭海兵, 钟燕, 田伟, 杜金辉, 田志凌. 初始晶粒尺寸和强化相对GH4096高温合金热变形行为和再结晶的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(7): 855-870.
Fulin LI, Rui FU, Yunrui BAI, Lingchao MENG, Haibing TAN, Yan ZHONG, Wei TIAN, Jinhui DU, Zhiling TIAN. Effects of Initial Grain Size and Strengthening Phase on Thermal Deformation and Recrystallization Behavior of GH4096 Superalloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(7): 855-870.

全文: PDF(8406 KB) HTML

摘要:

以镍基变形高温合金GH4096为研究对象，进行了不同组织状态下的热压缩实验，分析了该合金热变形流变行为特点，并采用OM、SEM、EBSD和TEM等手段研究了热压缩过程中初始晶粒尺寸(晶界面积和数量)和强化相对动态再结晶行为及组织演变的影响。结果表明：在1050~1120℃温度范围内，随着初始晶粒尺寸的减小，峰值流变应力降低，动态再结晶分数增加，实现完全动态再结晶所需热变形温度降低，发生动态再结晶的临界应变降低；在亚固溶温度下热变形时，动态再结晶晶粒尺寸与初始晶粒尺寸和变形量没有相关性；计算了与初始晶粒尺寸相关的热变形激活能，并建立了与热变形前的初始晶粒尺寸相关的热变形本构方程；研究了铸态组织中强化相γ'相形态对热变形行为的影响，在亚固溶温度下热变形时，随着强化相γ'相尺寸的增加，可一定程度降低热变形峰值流变应力，降低动态再结晶的临界应变，提高动态再结晶分数。分析讨论了GH4096合金不同组织状态下的主导动态软化机制。

关键词 ：动态再结晶, 初始晶粒尺寸, 晶界, 强化相, GH4096, 热变形

Abstract：

GH4096 alloy were used for disks and shafts of advanced gas turbine engines owing to its excellent properties such as resistance to creep, fatigue, and corrosion as well as microstructure stability up to about 700^oC. In this study, GH4096, a hard-to-deform disk superalloy, was processed through an advanced cast and wrought route to avoid the expensive power metallurgy (P/M) route. Many types of full-scale disk forgings possessing homogeneous fine-grained microstructures were successfully carried out, and the ultrasonic inspectability was comparative to that of the alloy produced by the P/M route. The effects of the initial grain size and strengthening phase on hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) were studied by OM, SEM, EBSD, and TEM under different deformation parameters. The results showed that as the initial grain size decreased within the temperature range of 1050-1120^oC, the flow peak stresses decreased and the fractions of DRX increased. With an increase in the initial grain size, the thermal deformation temperature required for complete dynamic recrystallization decreased, and also the critical strain of dynamic recrystallization decreased. The initial grain size and the strain did not affect the recrystallized grain size when deformed at a sub-solvus temperature. The thermal deformation constitutive equations related to the initial grain sizes were established and the activation energies of thermal deformation related to the original grain sizes were calculated. The effect of γ' phase size on the thermal deformation behavior in as-cast microstructure was studied. In the sub-solvus temperature range, the thermal deformation resistance could be effectively reduced with the increase in the size of γ' phase, the critical strain of DRX was decreased, and the DRX fraction was also increased. The dynamic recrystallization mechanisms related to the γ' phase and initial grain size were also discussed. DRX nucleation takes place at the sub-grains near original grain boundaries for samples with larger initial grain size deformed at sub-solvus temperature. For samples with fine initial grain size, the interface slip of incoherent γ' phase is the significant dynamic softening mechanism during the sub-solvus temperature deformation. For as-cast samples, the main dynamic softening mechanism is original grain boundary bowing out DRX nucleation and coarse second-phase-induced DRX nucleation.

Key words： dynamic recrystallization initial grain size grain boundary strengthening phase GH4096 hot deformation

收稿日期: 2021-12-06

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

基金资助:中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M6132235)

通讯作者: 付锐，furui208@sina.com，主要从事变形高温合金材料及先进制备技术的研究与开发

Corresponding author: FU Rui, professor, Tel: (010)62182410, E-mail: furui208@sina.com

作者简介: 李福林，男，1987年生，高级工程师，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00532 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I7/855

图1 4种具备不同初始晶粒尺寸的试样(d1~d4)热压缩前金相组织

图2 2种铸态试样(c1和c2)经不同工艺处理后热压缩前的组织

图3 不同初始组织试样(d1~d4)在应变速率为0.1 s-1和不同温度下热压缩的真应力-真应变曲线及峰值流变应力曲线

图4 2种铸态试样(c1和c2)在亚固溶温度1060和1080℃下的热压缩流变真应力-真应变曲线

图5 c1和c2试样热压缩过程的动态再结晶临界应变(应变速率为0.1 s-1)

表1 不同初始组织试样(d1~d4)在不同真应变下热变形的常数α值 (MPa-1)

表2 不同初始组织试样(d1~d4)的平均α值、应力指数n和热变形激活能Q

图6 d2试样峰值应力与应变速率和温度倒数的函数关系

图7 不同初始组织试样(d1和d2) Z参数与峰值应力的函数关系

图8 不同初始晶粒尺寸的试样(d1~d4)在应变速率为0.1 s-1和工程应变为50%时不同温度下热压缩后的金相组织

图9 d4试样在1100℃、0.1 s-1下经过不同工程应变热压缩后的OM像

图10 不同初始组织试样(d1~d4)热压缩过程中的动态再结晶临界应变

图11 d2试样在1100℃下热压缩后通过EBSD采集到的晶界-亚晶界再结晶组织演化及取向差统计

图12 d4试样在1100℃下热压缩后晶界-亚晶界组织的EBSD像

图13 粗晶d2试样在1100℃、0.1 s-1，工程应变为30%和50%时热压缩后显微组织的TEM像

图14 细晶d4试样在1100℃、0.1 s-1，不同应变热压缩后显微组织的TEM像

图15 铸态试样(c1和c2)热压缩(50%、0.1 s-1)后晶界-亚晶界EBSD像

图16 c2试样经过1060℃、50%、0.1 s-1热变形后显微组织的SEM像及γ'相与再结晶晶粒的交互作用

图17 铸态试样(c1和c2)经过1060℃、0.1 s-1热压缩(50%)后显微组织的TEM像

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