共晶组织强化NbMoZrVSi x 难熔高熵合金的摩擦磨损性能及磨损机理

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00223

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (7): 937-946 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00223

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

共晶组织强化NbMoZrVSi _x 难熔高熵合金的摩擦磨损性能及磨损机理

王瀚铭, 杜银(

), 裴旭辉, 王海丰(

)

西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室先进润滑与密封材料研究中心西安 710072

Tribological Property and Wear Mechanism of NbMoZrVSi _x Refractory High-Entropy Alloy Strengthened by Eutectic Structure

WANG Hanming, DU Yin(

), PEI Xuhui, WANG Haifeng(

)

Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

引用本文:

王瀚铭, 杜银, 裴旭辉, 王海丰. 共晶组织强化NbMoZrVSi _x 难熔高熵合金的摩擦磨损性能及磨损机理[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(7): 937-946.
Hanming WANG, Yin DU, Xuhui PEI, Haifeng WANG. Tribological Property and Wear Mechanism of NbMoZrVSi _x Refractory High-Entropy Alloy Strengthened by Eutectic Structure[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(7): 937-946.

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摘要:

难熔高熵合金共晶强化组织的形成机制及其对室温摩擦磨损行为的研究，可为后续开发具有优异摩擦磨损性能的难熔高熵合金提供新的设计思路。本工作利用摩擦试验机、SEM和XPS等手段研究了微量Si元素添加对NbMoZrV难熔高熵合金室温摩擦学性能的影响规律，分析了不同硅化物的析出形态对合金磨损机理的影响。结果表明：适量Si元素添加时，NbMoZrVSi_0.1难熔高熵合金的bcc基体晶界处会均匀析出由Zr-Zr₃Si相组成的共晶组织结构，该共晶组织会显著提高合金的硬度和耐磨性。不同于NbMoZrV、NbMoZrVSi_0.05和NbMoZrVSi_0.2合金波动较大的摩擦学行为，在不同加载力下，含有共晶组织结构的NbMoZrVSi_0.1难熔高熵合金在室温滑动干摩擦实验中表现出了稳定的摩擦系数和磨损率。磨损机理分析表明，Zr-Zr₃Si共晶组织的形成会抑制NbMoZrVSi_0.1难熔高熵合金在摩擦过程中的裂纹萌生扩展以及脆性剥落，并促进随后均匀氧化的发生，使得其仅表现出轻微磨粒磨损的特征，从而使其耐磨性得到显著提升。

关键词 ：难熔高熵合金, 共晶组织, 耐磨性, 磨粒磨损

Abstract：

In recent years, refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have gained widespread attention owing to their high structural stability and excellent mechanical properties at both room and elevated temperatures. However, their wear resistance at room temperature is often poor due to their fragility. In this study, the effect of adding small amounts of silicon (Si) to NbMoZrV RHEA on its tribological properties and wear mechanism at room temperature have been studied using various techniques including tribometer, SEM, and XPS. The results showed that adding a moderate amount of Si induced the homogeneous precipitation of a eutectic structure composed of Zr-Zr₃Si phase at the bcc matrix grain boundary. This eutectic structure significantly improved the hardness and wear resistance of the NbMoZrVSi_0.1 RHEA. Unlike the poor tribological behavior observed in NbMoZrVSi_0.05 and NbMoZrVSi_0.2 RHEAs, the NbMoZrVSi_0.1 RHEA exhibited stable coefficient of friction and wear rate under dry sliding wear test at room temperature with varying normal loads. The Zr-Zr₃Si eutectic structure effectively inhibited the initiation and propagation of cracks and brittle spalling during the sliding wear test, resulting in only slight abrasive wear of the NbMoZrVSi_0.1 RHEA. Moreover, the mechanism promoted the subsequent homogeneous oxidation of the worn surface.

Key words： refractory high-entropy alloy eutectic structure wear resistance abrasive wear

收稿日期: 2022-05-07

ZTFLH:

TG113

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51975474);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3102019JC001)

通讯作者: 杜银，duyin@nwpu.edu.cn，主要从事耐磨高熵合金设计制备及性能研究;
王海丰，haifengw81@nwpu.edu.cn，主要从事金属基及陶瓷基耐磨及润滑材料设计、制备及应用研究

Corresponding author: DU Yin, Tel: 18049591909, E-mail: duyin@nwpu.edu.cn;

作者简介: 王瀚铭，男，1999年生，硕士生

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图1 铸态Si0~Si0.2合金的XRD谱

图2 铸态NbMoZrVSi x 合金的BSE像

图3 Si0~Si0.2合金的BSE像及对应的EDS元素分布图

图4 Si0.1合金中的共晶组织BSE像及EDS元素分布图

表1 图3d和4b中各点区域的化学元素组成 (atomic fraction / %)

图5 Si0~Si0.2合金的显微硬度

图6 Si0~Si0.2合金摩擦实验结果

图7 5 N-5 Hz-30 min工况下Si0~Si0.2合金磨痕表面的SEM像及EDS元素分布图

图8 10 N-5 Hz-120 min工况下Si0~Si0.2合金磨痕表面的SEM像

图9 Si0~Si0.2合金在5 N-5 Hz-30 min工况下干摩擦所产生的磨屑的XPS元素窄谱

图10 Si0.1和Si0.05合金在5 N-5 Hz-30 min工况下的磨屑形貌

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