烧结<strong>NdFeB</strong>永磁材料腐蚀与防护的研究现状及挑战

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00308

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (2): 171-181 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00308

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烧结NdFeB永磁材料腐蚀与防护的研究现状及挑战

吴玉程¹^,²(

), 高志强³, 徐光青⁴, 刘家琴⁵, 轩海成³, 刘友好⁶, 衣晓飞⁶, 陈静武⁶, 韩培德³

^1.太原理工大学教育部新材料界面科学与工程重点实验室太原 030024
^2.合肥工业大学有色金属与加工技术国家地方联合工程研究中心合肥 230009
^3.太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院太原 030024
^4.合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院合肥 230009
^5.合肥工业大学工业与装备技术研究院合肥 230009
^6.安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司稀土永磁材料国家重点实验室合肥 231500

Current Status and Challenges in Corrosion and Protection Strategies for Sintered NdFeB Magnets

WU Yucheng¹^,²(

), GAO Zhiqiang³, XU Guangqing⁴, LIU Jiaqin⁵, XUAN Haicheng³, LIU Youhao⁶, YI Xiaofei⁶, CHEN Jingwu⁶, HAN Peide³

^1.Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering of New Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
^2.National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
^4.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
^5.Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
^6.State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Materials, Anhui Earth-Panda Advance Magnetic Material Co. , Ltd. , Hefei 231500, China

引用本文:

吴玉程, 高志强, 徐光青, 刘家琴, 轩海成, 刘友好, 衣晓飞, 陈静武, 韩培德. 烧结NdFeB永磁材料腐蚀与防护的研究现状及挑战[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(2): 171-181.
Yucheng WU, Zhiqiang GAO, Guangqing XU, Jiaqin LIU, Haicheng XUAN, Youhao LIU, Xiaofei YI, Jingwu CHEN, Peide HAN. Current Status and Challenges in Corrosion and Protection Strategies for Sintered NdFeB Magnets[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(2): 171-181.

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摘要:

烧结NdFeB永磁材料的腐蚀敏感性限制了其在复杂工况下的应用，提高磁体的抗腐蚀能力和开发优异的防护涂层是领域发展的重点方向。尽管针对长寿命NdFeB磁体的探索已经做了大量工作，但是从技术工艺到基础理论，系统地研究NdFeB磁体的腐蚀问题仍然比较少，这一方面是由于材料腐蚀与防护的基础研究滞后于磁性能方面的研究工作，另一方面还与市场对材料品质要求的不断提高及多样化需求有较大关系。本文综述了耐蚀烧结NdFeB永磁材料的最新研究成果，包括影响腐蚀的因素、提高磁体耐蚀性能的基础理论及方法、表面防护战略的基本框架及工程应用中的关键技术；最后，展望了未来前景并分析了面临的挑战，期望为今后的发展指明方向。

关键词 ： NdFeB, 腐蚀, 涂层, 双合金法, 物理气相沉积

Abstract：

The susceptibility of sintered NdFeB to corrosion in harsh environments limits their wide variety of applications. Improved resistance to corrosion of NdFeB magnets and advancement of surface coatings are critical directions in permanent magnet material fields. Significant work has been undertaken on the development of long-life NdFeB magnets. However, comprehensive research of NdFeB corrosion, from process technology to fundamental theory, is lacking, mainly owing to the hysteresis in the study of the elementary works of corrosion and protection related to magnetism, and improving the quality and diversified market demands. This analysis covers recent research that has led to advances in anti-corrosion material technology for NdFeB magnets, including corrosion factors, contemporary methodologies from technology to fundamentals, the basic framework for surface protection and key techniques in the industry application. Finally, prospects and existing challenges in the field of corrosion and protection are reviewed, attempting to identify future developments and directions.

Key words： NdFeB corrosion coating binary alloy technology physical vapor deposition

收稿日期: 2020-08-17

ZTFLH:

TB34

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(20571022);国家科技支撑计划项目(012BAE02B01);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目;安徽省科技重大专项项目(17030901063);安徽省科技攻关计划项目(1301022080)

作者简介: 吴玉程，男，1962年生，教授，博士

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	韩培德
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图1 NdFeB材料组织示意图

图2 磁体在腐蚀前后的磁场分布[13]

图3 剩磁对NdFeB磁体腐蚀影响的示意图[22](a) unmagnetized sample(b) axile magnetized sample(c) radial magnetized sample

图4 NdFeB材料的微观组织结构形貌[13]

表1 合金化法常用元素及其作用

图5 功能梯度涂层材料结构示意图[106]

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