铝基非晶合金的结构与非晶形成能力

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00561

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (4): 457-472 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00561

综述

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铝基非晶合金的结构与非晶形成能力

李金富¹^,²(

), 李伟¹

^1.上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院金属基复合材料国家重点实验室上海 200240
^2.上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室上海 200240

Structure and Glass-Forming Ability of Al-Based Amorphous Alloys

LI Jinfu¹^,²(

), LI Wei¹

^1.State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
^2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

引用本文:

李金富, 李伟. 铝基非晶合金的结构与非晶形成能力[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(4): 457-472.
Jinfu LI, Wei LI. Structure and Glass-Forming Ability of Al-Based Amorphous Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(4): 457-472.

全文: PDF(2214 KB) HTML

摘要:

铝基非晶合金具有优异的力学性能与良好的耐蚀性，但是其较差的非晶形成能力使得大尺寸样品不易获得，工程应用也由此受到很大限制。鉴于合金的非晶形成能力与其结构密切相关，本文简要回顾铝基非晶合金发展历程，在全面了解其组元构成的基础上，重点阐述了铝基非晶合金的微观结构，以及由此衍生出的合金成分设计理论、非晶形成能力与成分的关系、晶化过程中初生相的选择等问题。最后对铝基非晶合金未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词 ：铝基非晶合金, 微观结构, 非晶形成能力, 晶化行为

Abstract：

Although Al-based amorphous alloys have excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance, their poor glass-forming ability makes large-scale samples difficult to obtain, limiting their engineering applications. Owing to the close relationship between the glass-forming ability of alloys and their structure, the development of Al-based amorphous alloys is first briefly reviewed to gain a thorough understanding of their component composition. On this basis, the microstructure, composition design theory, relationship between glass-forming ability and composition, and selection of primary phase during crystallization in Al-based amorphous alloys are discussed. Finally, the future study directions for Al-based amorphous alloys are prospected.

Key words： Al-based amorphous alloy microstructure glass-forming ability crystallization behavior

收稿日期: 2021-12-14

ZTFLH:

TG146.21

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51620105012);国家自然科学基金项目(51771116);国家自然科学基金项目(51821001)

作者简介: 李金富，男，1964年生，教授

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00561 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I4/457

表1 熔融旋淬法快速凝固Al70LTM20ETM10 (LTM = Fe、Co、Ni、Cu；ETM = Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W)合金的非晶形成情况[15]

表2 团簇配位数(N)和中心原子与第一近邻配位原子间半径比(RN*)的对应关系[36]

图1 Al90Y10非晶合金在入射能量为17.0126和16.7380 keV处测量到的散射强度谱[41]

图2 从头算分子动力学计算的铝基非晶合金溶质原子为中心的准静态原子团簇随机紧密堆积情况[67]

图3 Al89Ni5La6非晶合金中Ni和La的配位数分布以及常见的以Ni为中心和以La为中心的具有不同尺寸和配位数(列在括号中)的团簇的拓扑结构[67]

图4 非晶合金的原子半径-浓度分布图[35]

图5 Al88Ni4Gd6La2 非晶合金铸态和退火态(220℃退火1 min)的明场像[118]

表3 Al87Ni6RE7和Al85Ni6RE9 (RE = La、Ce、Nd、Y)非晶合金初生晶化产物[145]

图6 Al86Ni9La5和 (Al86Ni9La5)98Si2非晶合金条带中的Al元素等浓度图[147]

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