卷取温度对<strong>500 MPa</strong>级热冲压桥壳用钢组织与力学性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00119

金属学报

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (12): 1605-1616 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00119

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

卷取温度对500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢组织与力学性能的影响

惠亚军¹^,²(

), 刘锟¹, 吴科敏³, 李秋寒¹, 牛涛⁴, 武巧玲⁴

1 首钢集团有限公司技术研究院薄板研究所北京 100043
2 首钢集团有限公司绿色可循环钢铁流程北京市重点实验室北京 100043
3 北京首钢股份有限公司制造部唐山 064404
4 首钢集团有限公司迁顺技术中心唐山 064404

Effect of Coiling Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 500 MPa Grade Hot Stamping Axle Housing Steel

HUI Yajun¹^,²(

), LIU Kun¹, WU Kemin³, LI Qiuhan¹, NIU Tao⁴, WU Qiaoling⁴

1 Sheet Metal Research Institute, Technology Institute of Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China
2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recyclable Process for Iron & Steel Production of Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China
3 Manufacturing Department of Beijing Shougang Co., Ltd., Tangshan 064404, China
4 Qian Shun Technology Center of Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Tangshan 064404, China

引用本文:

惠亚军, 刘锟, 吴科敏, 李秋寒, 牛涛, 武巧玲. 卷取温度对500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(12): 1605-1616.
Yajun HUI, Kun LIU, Kemin WU, Qiuhan LI, Tao NIU, Qiaoling WU. Effect of Coiling Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 500 MPa Grade Hot Stamping Axle Housing Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(12): 1605-1616.

全文: PDF(5847 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用OM、SEM和TEM等研究了卷取温度对500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢的组织与性能的影响规律。结果表明，热冲压桥壳用钢在600和570 ℃卷取时的力学性能有显著差异，570 ℃卷取时的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到538和641 MPa，较600 ℃卷取时分别提高了165和117 MPa，而其20~-40 ℃的系列温度冲击功均低于600 ℃，尤其是-40 ℃及以下低温韧性明显恶化，这与热冲压桥壳用钢在不同卷取温度下的显微组织和析出物的差异有关。600 ℃卷取时的组织由铁素体和珠光体组成，铁素体晶粒平均尺寸为4.48 μm，大角度晶界体积分数为68.1%，析出物平均尺寸为8.4 nm，其中10 nm以下的纳米级析出物体积分数约为70%；当卷取温度降低至570 ℃时，其组织主要由针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体、多边形铁素体/准多边形铁素体和珠光体组成，铁素体晶粒平均尺寸为4.39 μm，大角度晶界体积分数约为54.5%，析出物的平均尺寸为6.4 nm，其中10 nm以下的纳米级析出物体积分数高达86%；这种差异主要是由于热冲压桥壳用钢的贝氏体转变温度高达580 ℃，以及570 ℃卷取时的形核率与形核速率均大于600 ℃所致。因此，考虑到热冲压桥壳对板形质量要求较高，以及热冲压工艺对热轧原料组织和析出物的影响，热冲压桥壳用钢的卷取温度为600 ℃更合适。

关键词 ：卷取温度, 500 MPa级, 热冲压桥壳用钢, 显微组织, 析出物

Abstract：

With the rapid development of the Chinese axle industry and the increasing demand for lightweight axle housings, the demand for a new type of hot stamping axle housing steel, which can ensure the yield strength meets the requirements after the hot stamping process, is becoming increasingly urgent. However, there are no published reports on the development of this new type of hot stamping axle housing steel. The aim of this study was to develop 500 MPa grade hot stamping axle housing steel. The effect of coiling temperature on the microstructure, precipitates, and mechanical properties of the 500 MPa hot stamping axle housing steel were studied by OM, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the tested steel were significantly different when coiling at 600 and 570 ℃. When coiling at 570 ℃, the yield strength and tensile strength reached 538 MPa and 641 MPa, respectively, which were 165 MPa and 117 MPa higher than those at 600 ℃, whereas, the impact energy in the range of 20~-40 ℃ was lower than that at 600 ℃, especially low-temperature toughness. These are related to the differences in the microstructure and precipitates in test steel when coiling at different temperatures, especially the difference in the proportion of the high angle grain boundary (HAGB). The microstructure of the tested steel was composed of ferrite and pearlite when coiling at 600 ℃, average grain size of ferrite was 4.48 μm, proportion of HAGB was 68.1%, and average size of the precipitates was 8.4 nm, of which nanoscale precipitates with sizes below 10 nm accounted for approximately 70%. The microstructure was mainly composed of acicular ferrite, granular bainite, polygonal ferrite/quasi polygonal ferrite, and pearlite when the coiling temperature was reduced to 570 ℃, the average size of ferrite was 4.39 μm, ratio of HAGB was approximately 54.5%, average size of the precipitates was 6.4 nm, and nanoscale precipitates with a size below 10 nm accounted for 86%. The difference in the microstructure and the precipitates was mainly owing to the fact the bainite transformation temperature of the test steel was as high as 580 ℃, and nucleation rate and nucleation speed of the test steel was higher when coiling at 570 ℃ than that at 600 ℃. Thus, considering the high requirements on the shape quality, effect of the hot stamping process on the microstructure, and precipitates of the tested steel, the coiling temperatureof the test steel is more suitable at 600 ℃.

Key words： coiling temperature 500 MPa grade hot stamping axle housing steel microstructure precipitate

收稿日期: 2020-04-16

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

作者简介: 惠亚军，男，1988年生，硕士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00119 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V56/I12/1605

表1 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢的力学性能

表2 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在不同冲击温度下的冲击功

图1 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在不同卷取温度下的OM像

图2 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在600 ℃卷取时的EBSD结果(a) inverse pole figure (IPF)(b) distribution of high and low angle grain boundaries (The red and black lines represent low and high angle boundaries with the misorientations between 2° and 15°, and more than 15°, respectively, the same below)(c) distribution of grain size(d) distribution of grain orientation

图3 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在570 ℃卷取时的EBSD结果(a) IPF (b) distribution of high and low angle grain boundaries(c) distribution of grain size (d) distribution of grain orientation

图4 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢析出物分布的TEM像

图5 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢中析出物的TEM像和EDS分析

图6 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线

图7 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在不同冷却速率下的微观组织

图8 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在不同温度下V、C和N元素平衡固溶量的变化规律

图9 500 MPa级热冲压桥壳用钢在铁素体(F)区的形核率-温度(NrT)曲线和析出-温度-时间(PTT)曲线

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