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金属学报  2017, Vol. 53 Issue (2): 233-238    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00275
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具有反常非晶形成能力的U-Cr二元合金
黄火根1(),徐宏扬1,张鹏国1,王英敏2,柯海波1,张培1,刘天伟1
1 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 江油 621907
2 大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院三束材料改性教育部重点实验室 大连 116024
U-Cr Binary Alloys with Anomalous Glass-Forming Ability
Huogen HUANG1(),Hongyang XU1,Pengguo ZHANG1,Yingmin WANG2,Haibo KE1,Pei ZHANG1,Tianwei LIU1
1 Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621907, China
2 Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
引用本文:

黄火根,徐宏扬,张鹏国,王英敏,柯海波,张培,刘天伟. 具有反常非晶形成能力的U-Cr二元合金[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(2): 233-238.
Huogen HUANG, Hongyang XU, Pengguo ZHANG, Yingmin WANG, Haibo KE, Pei ZHANG, Tianwei LIU. U-Cr Binary Alloys with Anomalous Glass-Forming Ability[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(2): 233-238.

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摘要: 

基于共晶法则在U-Cr体系中深共晶点U81Cr19靠Cr一侧设计系列二元合金。在甩带条件下,合金形成单一的非晶相, 其初始晶化温度Tx接近700 K,约化晶化温度Trx接近0.6。U-Cr体系的强非晶形成能力不符合在热力学、动力学和结构密堆角度上的预测,显示出一定的反常性,为进一步认识锕系非晶提供了潜在的基础模型体系。

关键词 非晶合金铀合金非晶形成能力快速凝固    
Abstract

As for actinide metallic glasses, a minor branch of metallic glasses, almost all of them are binary alloys and their glass-forming rule has been insufficiently studied. Considering that binary alloy systems are the base of ternary or more component glass systems that possess better glass-forming ability, binary glass systems U-Fe, U-Co and U-Cr are chosen for study. After earlier investigation on the first two systems, the glass formation in U-Cr system is explored in this work. According to the eutectic criterion, a series of U-Cr alloys were designed at the Cr-side of the eutectic point U81Cr19. Under the preparation of melt-spinning, these alloys can be formed into a single amorphous phase with the capacity of crystallizing at about 700 K. The reduced crystallization temperature (Trx) of some U-Cr alloys exceeded 0.6, higher than those of U-Fe and U-Co metallic glasses, and comparable to those of ordinary bulk amorphous alloys. Being inconsistent with the prediction based on thermodynamics, kinetics and efficient structural packing, U-Cr alloy system shows anomalous strong glass-forming ability among reported actinide binary glasses. This abnormal behavior might be related to the existence of comparatively more mediate metastable phases in U-Cr system, which can be speculated from the multi-peak crystallization phenomenon. This system could be a potential system model for studying the glass formation of actinide amorphous alloys further.

Key wordsamorphous alloy    uranium alloy    glass-forming ability    rapid solidification
收稿日期: 2016-07-01     
基金资助:国家自然科学基金No.51501169,国防基础预研项目No.B1520133007及中国工程物理研究院科技发展基金项目Nos.2013A0301015和2014B0302047
图1  U-Cr合金相图[16]
Alloy Composition Phase constitution
No. Ingot sample Ribbon sample
1 U67Cr33 α-(U, Cr) + bcc-Cr Amorphous+minor crystalline
2 U69.2Cr30.8 α-(U, Cr) + bcc-Cr Amorphous
3 U73Cr27 α-(U, Cr)+ bcc-Cr Amorphous
4 U75Cr25 α-(U, Cr) + bcc-Cr Amorphous
5 U81Cr19 α-(U, Cr) + bcc-Cr Nanocrystalline
表1  U-Cr合金的编号、成分与相组成
图2  U-Cr合金母锭的XRD谱
图3  U-Cr合金快淬条带的XRD谱
图4  U-Cr合金条带样品的DSC曲线
Alloy Tx / K Tp1 / K Tp2 / K Tm / K TL / K Tm-Tx / K Tx / TL
U67Cr33 686 935 1034 1140 1154 454 0.594
U69.2Cr30.8 699 939 1034 1140 1154 441 0.606
U73Cr27 690 939 1033 1141 1152 451 0.599
U75Cr25 680 938 1033 1141 1154 461 0.589
U81Cr19 649 935 1034 1141 1156 492 0.561
表2  U-Cr非晶合金的热力学参数
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