1Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China 3Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Cite this article:
ZHANG Deyin, HAO Xu, JIA Baorui, WU Haoyang, QIN Mingli, QU Xuanhui. Effects of Y2O3 Content on Properties of Fe-Y2O3 Nanocomposite Powders Synthesized by a Combustion-Based Route. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(6): 757-766.
Iron-based metal/ceramic nanocomposite materials have attracted increasing attention owing to their outstanding mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties with potential applications in many industrial fields. However, several technical routes, such as mechanical alloying, sol-gel, and electrodeposition, have limitations, including lengthy synthesis processes, complex experimental equipment, and expensive raw materials. In view of the urgent demand for high-quality iron-based metal/ceramic magnetic nanocomposites, Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposite powders with different Y2O3 contents (mass fraction) have been prepared using a combustion-based route. The effects of the Y2O3 content on the microstructure, grain size, and magnetic and sintering properties of the nanocomposite powders were examined. The Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposite powders exhibited a connected network structure composed of nanoparticles regardless of the Y2O3 content, but the grain size decreased gradually with increasing Y2O3 content. The magnetic performance test showed that the iron nanopowder without Y2O3 had a saturation magnetic induction and coercivity (Hc) of 1.97 T and 6.4 kA/m, respectively. The saturation magnetic induction of the Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposite powders decreased gradually with increasing Y2O3 content, whereas the Hc increased. The saturation magnetic induction and Hc of the Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposite were 1.45 T and 58.9 kA/m, respectively, at a Y2O3 content of 2%. The as-synthesized Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposite powders were densified by pressureless sintering. When the Y2O3 content was low, the nanocomposites could reach a higher relative density at a lower sintering temperature of 700oC. In contrast, densification was difficult to achieve when the Y2O3 content was increased to 1% or 2% even at a high sintering temperature of 1300oC.
Fig.1 TG-DSC curves (a, c, e, g, i) and corresponding mass spectrometry (MS) curves (b, d, f, h, j) of gels samples F (a, b), FY0.2 (c, d), FY0.5 (e, f), FY (g, h), and FY2 (i, j) (T—temperature)
Fig.2 XRD spectra of the combustion product with different raw material ratios
Fig.3 SEM images of the combustion product with different raw material ratios
Fig.4 XRD spectra of the reduction products with different raw material ratios
Sample
Crystallite
SSA
Bs
Hc
size / nm
m2·g-1
T
kA·m-1
Fe
43 ± 0.2
9.7 ± 0.2
1.97
6.4 ± 0.7
Fe-0.2%Y2O3
40 ± 0.5
13.7 ± 0.5
1.83
28.7 ± 0.5
Fe-0.5%Y2O3
37 ± 0.3
15.6 ± 0.3
1.75
47.8 ± 0.6
Fe-1%Y2O3
34 ± 0.4
19.8 ± 0.5
1.71
51.0 ± 0.4
Fe-2%Y2O3
33 ± 0.2
22.6 ± 0.4
1.45
58.9 ± 0.7
Table 1 Crystallite sizes, specific surface areas (SSAs), and room-temperature magnetic properties of Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposites with different Y2O3 contents
Fig.5 XPS spectra (a) and Y3d spectra (b) of the reduction products with different raw material ratios
Fig.6 Low (a, c, e, g, i) and high (b, d, f, h, j) magnified FE-SEM images of the reduction products with different raw material ratios (a, b) F (c, d) FY0.2 (e, f) FY0.5 (g, h) FY (i, j) FY2
Fig.7 Room-temperature magnetic hysteresis loops (a) and local enlargement (b) of the reduction products with different Y2O3 content (B—saturation induction, H—magnetic field)
Fig.8 Curves of the relative densities of Fe-Y2O3 nanocomposites with different Y2O3 contents varying with sintering temperature by pressureless sintering
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