Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Ni-Based WC Coating by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00033

Acta Metall Sin

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (11): 1530-1540 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00033

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Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Ni-Based WC Coating by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding

ZHANG Yu¹, LOU Liyan¹^,², XU Qinglong¹, LI Yan¹, LI Changjiu¹, LI Chengxin¹(

)

1 State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China

Cite this article:

ZHANG Yu, LOU Liyan, XU Qinglong, LI Yan, LI Changjiu, LI Chengxin. Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Ni-Based WC Coating by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(11): 1530-1540.

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Abstract

Steel materials are highly sourced construction materials owing to their robust mechanical properties, and they are widely used in the construction industry for building bridges, tunnels, skyscrapers, towers, ship-metal parts, and other industrial metal applications. However, as steel has poor surface wear resistance, parts are susceptible to failure due to friction damage. To improve the surface wear resistance of steel materials, Ni-based WC coating was prepared by ultra-high-speed laser cladding. Using low-speed laser cladding as a reference, the surface morphology, microstructure, and wear resistance of ultra-high-speed laser cladding of Ni-based WC coatings were studied using SEM, EDS, and XRD, respectively. Experimental results revealed that the Ni-based WC coating prepared by ultra-high-speed laser cladding exhibited better surface quality compared with that prepared by low-speed laser cladding. Comparatively, ultra-high-speed laser cladding requires a smaller heat input and a faster cooling rate. However, the dilution rate of the coating is significantly reduced. In addition, ultra-high-speed laser cladding significantly reduces thermal damage in the WC coating; it inhibits the precipitation of carbides and formation of porosities and promotes the uniform distribution of the WC in the coating, thereby significantly reducing stress localization in the coating and also inhibits crack nucleation in the coating. Because of the reduction of porosities, cracks, and other surface defects in the coating and uniform distribution of WC particles, the Ni-based WC coating prepared by ultra-high-speed laser cladding possesses better wear resistance than that prepared by low-speed laser cladding, and the wear mechanism is abrasion.

Key words: ultra-high speed laser cladding Ni-based WC coating microstructure wear resistance

Received: 21 January 2020

ZTFLH:

TG456.7

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB2002000);Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(19JCQNJC03800)

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	Yu ZHANG
	Liyan LOU
	Qinglong XU
	Yan LI
	Changjiu LI
	Chengxin LI

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00033 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2020/V56/I11/1530

Table 1 Experimental parameters of ultra-high speed and conventional laser cladding

Fig.1 Backscattered electron (BSE) image of Hegenas LC-WC-60 powders

Table 2 Composition of Hegenas LC-WC-60 alloy powder

Fig.2 Surface morphologies (a, b) and roughness (R_a) (c, d) of No.1 (a, c) and No.2 (b, d) Ni-based WC coatings
Color online

Fig.3 BSE images (a, c) and corresponding EDS analyses of elements in transition zone (b, d) of No.1 (a, b) and No.2 (c, d) Ni-based WC coatings

Table 3 EDS plane scanning composition analyses of No.1 and No.2 Ni-based WC coatings

Fig.4 Secondary electron (SE) (a, c) and BSE (b, d) images of the microstructure of No.1 (a, b) and No.2 (c, d) Ni-based WC coatings

Table 4 EDS analyses of the elements at different points in Fig.4

Fig.5 XRD spectra of No.1 and No.2 Ni-based WC coatings

Fig.6 Microhardness distributions of No.1 and No.2 Ni-based WC coatings without WC particles (HAZ—heat affected zone)

Fig.7 Friction coefficient and wear mass loss of No.1, No.2 Ni-based WC coatings and 45 steel substrate

Table 5 Physical properties of 45 steel substrate and coating materials^[28]

Fig.8 BSE images of cracks around carbides (a) and cracks around porosity (b) in No.2 Ni-based WC coating

Fig.9 Low (a, c, e) and high (b, d, f) magnified wear SE images of 45 steel substrate (a, b)，No.1 (c, d) and No.2 (e, f) Ni-based WC coatings

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