Fabrication and Performance Characterization of Cu-10Sn-xNi Alloy for Diamond Tools
LIU Zhenpeng1,2, YAN Zhiqiao2, CHEN Feng2(), WANG Shuncheng2, LONG Ying3, WU Yixiong4
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2.Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing, Guangzhou 510650, China 3.School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China 4.Guangzhou Crystal Technology Co. , Ltd, Guangzhou 510520, China
Cite this article:
LIU Zhenpeng, YAN Zhiqiao, CHEN Feng, WANG Shuncheng, LONG Ying, WU Yixiong. Fabrication and Performance Characterization of Cu-10Sn-xNi Alloy for Diamond Tools. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(5): 760-768.
Diamond tools are widely used in industry. Co is considered as the best matrix for the diamond tools due to its excellent retention of diamond grits and flexible control of wear resistance. But its application is suppressed because of its high price. The rapidly increasing contribution of matrices to tool production costs continues to encourage researchers to find and implement cheaper alternatives. Cu-based alloys are ideal materials to replace Co used as diamond tool matrices because of their low sintering temperature, good formability and low price. However, Cu-based matrices can not effectively hold the diamonds due to their low mechanical strength and small elastic modulus, so the service life and processing efficiency of Cu-based diamond tools are difficult to be satisfied. In this work, four kinds of Cu-10Sn-xNi pre-alloyed powders with different Ni contents (x=15, 30, 45 and 60, mass fraction, %) were prepared by ball milling. Bulk samples were fabricated from the pre-alloyed powders by hot pressing sintering at 820, 850 and 880 ℃, respectively. The microstructures and mechanical properties of pre-alloyed powders and bulks were characterized and tested. The results show that Cu3.8Ni phase is detected in the pre-alloyed powders prepared by ball milling. For the powder with 60%Ni, Ni3Sn phase and amorphous phase are detected. With increasing the Ni content as well as the sintering temperature, the segregation of Sn element in sintered alloys is effectively suppressed and the microstructure becomes homogeneous significantly, and the density, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the alloys are correspondingly improved. However, increasing the Ni content has little effect on the hardness of the alloys. The Cu-10Sn-60Ni alloy prepared by hot pressing at 880 ℃ has the best comprehensive performance. Its hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus are 100 HRB, 1308 MPa and 75.6 GPa, respectively.
Fund: Guangdong Public Welfare Research and Capacity Building Project(2017A070701029);Guangzhou Foreign Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project(201907010022);Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(201906040007)
Fig.1 SEM images of Cu-10Sn-xNi pre-alloyed powers (a) x=15 (b) x=30 (c) x=45 (d) x=60
Fig.2 Elemental distribution maps of Cu-10Sn-xNi pre-alloyed powders Color online (a) x=15 (b) x=30 (c) x=45 (d) x=60
Fig.3 XRD spectra of Cu-10Sn-xNi pre-alloyed powders
Fig.4 BSE images of hot pressing sintering Cu-10Sn-xNi alloys with x=15 (a1~a3) , x=30 (b1~b3) , x=45 (c1~c3) and x=60 (d1~d3) at temperatures of 820 ℃ (a1~d1) , 850 ℃ (a2~d2) and 880 ℃ (a3~d3)
Point
Mass fraction / %
Comment
Cu
Ni
Sn
1
28.95
29.69
41.36
Sn-rich area
2
31.69
54.49
13.82
Transition area
3
1.40
98.39
0.20
Ni-rich area
4
96.76
1.11
2.12
Cu-rich area
Table 2 EDS results of points in Fig.4a1
Fig.5 The second phases in hot pressing sintering Cu-10Sn-60Ni alloy at 880 ℃
Fig.6 Effects of Ni content and sintering temperature on density (a) and hardness (b) of Cu-10Sn-xNi alloys
Fig.7 Effects of Ni content and sintering temperature on flexural strength (a) and flexural modulus (b) of Cu-10Sn-xNi alloys
Fig.8 Flexural fracture morphologies of hot pressing sintering Cu-10Sn-xNi alloy at 880 ℃ (a) x=15 (b) x=30 (c) x=45 (d) x=60
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