Effect of Current Intensity on Microstructure of Ni3Al Intermetallics Prepared by Directional Solidification Electromagnetic Cold Crucible Technique

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00099

Acta Metall Sin

2017, Vol. 53

Issue (11): 1461-1468 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00099

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Effect of Current Intensity on Microstructure of Ni₃Al Intermetallics Prepared by Directional Solidification Electromagnetic Cold Crucible Technique

Guotian WANG, Hongsheng DING(

), Ruirun CHEN, Jingjie GUO, Hengzhi FU

National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Cite this article:

Guotian WANG, Hongsheng DING, Ruirun CHEN, Jingjie GUO, Hengzhi FU. Effect of Current Intensity on Microstructure of Ni₃Al Intermetallics Prepared by Directional Solidification Electromagnetic Cold Crucible Technique. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(11): 1461-1468.

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Abstract

Due to their excellent high-temperature strength, and good oxidation resistance, Ni₃Al-based alloys have long attracted considerable interest as a class of high-temperature structural material. These properties, combined with their unique high thermal conductivity, make them ideal for special applications, such as blades in gas turbines and jet engines. However, polycrystalline Ni₃Al alloys show almost no ductility and extremely low fracture resistance at ambient temperatures. Ni₃Al alloys with the high ductility at room-temperature can be adjusted by the microstructure through directional solidification (DS) and matching. It has been shown that the electric field can refine the solidification structure, reduce the dendrite spacing, promote the diffusion and change the solute redistribution in the solidification process. In order to improve the room temperature ductility of Ni₃Al alloy, the effect of current intensity on microstructure of DS Ni-25Al alloy is investigated. In this work, the effects of constant current intensity and NiAl phase on the microstructure are researched. The results show that in the DC electric field, as the result of the aggregation of current along dendrite tip and the Joule heat at the tip of dendrite, the primary dendritic spacing (λ) decreases with the increasing of current intensity. And the solid-liquid interface tends to be straight resulting from the Joule heat and Peltier effect caused by the segregation of current and the difference in conductivity between solid and liquid interface. When no direct current is applied the DS samples contain the L1₂ structure of Ni₃Al matrix and B2 structure of NiAl precipitate phase. The microstructure is a duplex structure which consist of gray Ni₃Al matrix and black NiAl precipitates. NiAl precipitates with regular shape and has obvious orientation along with the growth direction. When the DC current is applied, NiAl precipitates is irregular and dispersion and has no obvious directionality, due to Joule heat effect generated by the current effect, the undercooling increased and the precipitated NiAl phase transformed into thin martensite NiAl phase with twin crystal symmetry from the NiAl-B2 type structure.

Key words: Ni₃Al intermetallics DC electric field directional solidification microstructure

Received: 27 March 2017

ZTFLH:	TG244.3
	TF141.6

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51471062)

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	Guotian WANG
	Hongsheng DING
	Ruirun CHEN
	Jingjie GUO
	Hengzhi FU

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00099 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2017/V53/I11/1461

Fig.1 Schematic of electromagnetic continuous casting process

Fig.2 XRD spectra of directional solidification region of Ni₃Al alloys at different current intensities

Fig.3 SEM images of directionally solidified Ni₃Al at current intensities of 0 A (a), 5 A (b), 10 A (c), 15 A (d) and 20 A (e)

Fig.4 SEM images of directionally solidified Ni₃Al lamellar microstructures at current intensities of 5 A (a), 10 A (b), 15 A (c) and 20 A (d)

Fig.5 TEM image and SAED patterns (insets) of directionally solidified Ni₃Al at current intensity of 0 A

Fig.6 SAED pattern of NiAl phase in directionally solidified alloy at current intensity of 15 A

Fig.7 TEM image and SAED pattern (inset) of NiAl phase in directionally solidified alloy at current intensity of 20 A

Fig.8 Macro-profiles of solidification interfaces of directionally solidified Ni₃Al rod at current intensities of 0 A (a), 5 A (b), 10 A (c), 15 A (d) and 20 A (e)

Fig.9 Effect of electric current intensity on the concave depth Δh

Fig.10 Cross-sectional OM images of directional solidified Ni₃Al at current intensities of 0 A (a), 5 A (b), 10 A (c), 15 A (d) and 20 A (e)

Fig.11 Variation of primary dendritic spacing λ with current intensity

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