<strong>Ag</strong>对奥氏体不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00496

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (4): 434-442 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00496

研究论文

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Ag对奥氏体不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响

江浩文¹, 彭伟¹^,²(

), 范增为¹, 汪杨鑫¹, 刘腾轼¹^,², 董瀚¹^,²

1 上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200444
2 上海大学(浙江)高端装备基础件材料研究院嘉兴 314100

Effect of Ag on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel

JIANG Haowen¹, PENG Wei¹^,²(

), FAN Zengwei¹, WANG Yangxin¹, LIU Tengshi¹^,², DONG Han¹^,²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2 Zhejiang Institute of Advanced Materials, Shanghai University, Jiaxing 314100, China

引用本文:

江浩文, 彭伟, 范增为, 汪杨鑫, 刘腾轼, 董瀚. Ag对奥氏体不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 434-442.
Haowen JIANG, Wei PENG, Zengwei FAN, Yangxin WANG, Tengshi LIU, Han DONG. Effect of Ag on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(4): 434-442.

全文: PDF(3255 KB) HTML

摘要:

为深入了解Ag在不锈钢中的赋存与踪迹及其对微观组织和力学性能的影响，通过OM、SEM、二次离子质谱仪(SIMS)、EBSD和室温拉伸实验等测试手段研究了Ag含量对奥氏体不锈钢组织、织构和力学性能的影响规律。SIMS分析表明，Ag在奥氏体不锈钢中主要以Ag单质和Ag _x S及Ag _x N等化合物形式存在，主要分布于晶界处，少量分布于晶内。当Ag含量(质量分数)由0增加至0.062%时，奥氏体不锈钢的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小，平均晶粒尺寸由126 μm减小至47 μm，这是由于再结晶形核过程中粗大的Ag单质和Ag _x S及Ag _x N等化合物颗粒刺激再结晶形核(particle stimulated nucleation，简称PSN效应)，而细小的Ag单质和Ag _x S及Ag _x N等化合物颗粒阻碍再结晶晶粒长大。EBSD结果表明，304、304Ag-1和304Ag-2不锈钢试样的最大极密度分别为3.24、2.71和2.22，表明Ag可以减弱奥氏体不锈钢的各向异性。随着Ag含量增加，奥氏体不锈钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度呈下降趋势，延伸率则呈上升趋势，且含Ag 304不锈钢与轧向呈0°、45°和90°方向的强度和延伸率一致性优于304不锈钢。在{111}〈110〉滑移系下晶粒的Schmid因子平均值随着Ag含量的增加而增大，晶粒中处于“软取向”的晶粒占比增多。

关键词 ：含Ag奥氏体不锈钢, Ag的赋存踪迹, 力学性能, 再结晶, 晶粒取向

Abstract：

Austenitic stainless steels have wide applications due to their excellent properties, such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and superior workability. 304 stainless steel (304SS) is one of the most popular austenitic stainless steels. With a growing emphasis on healthcare, the antibacterial property of the materials becomes increasingly important. Ag is added to type 304 stainless steels to obtain an expected antibacterial property and reduce the occurrence of bacterial contamination. With the development of technology, previous research on Ag-bearing stainless steel was mainly concerned on its antibacterial properties, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. However, the microstructures of Ag-bearing stainless steels, especially the occurrence and distribution of Ag, have not been studied intensively. The present work studies the effects of Ag content on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel using OM, SEM, secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS), EBSD, and tensile test. SIMS analysis shows that Ag exists in austenitic stainless steel mainly in the form of Ag, Ag _x S, and Ag _x N compounds, which are mainly distributed at the grain boundaries and less within the grain. During recrystallization, the nucleation rate increases by the stimulation of coarse Ag, Ag _x S, and Ag _x N compound particles, while the grain growth is hindered by fine Ag, Ag _x S, and Ag _x N compound particles. Hence, the average grain size of 304, 304Ag-1, and 304Ag-2 stainless steel changes from (126 ± 3) μm to (47 ± 4) μm. The EBSD results show that the maximum pole densities of 304, 304Ag-1, and 304Ag-2 stainless steel samples are 3.24, 2.71, and 2.22, respectively, indicating that Ag can reduce the anisotropy of austenitic stainless steel. The yield strength and tensile strength of austenitic stainless steels decrease with the increase of Ag content, and the elongation increases with the increase of Ag content. Furthermore, strength and elongation consistency of Ag-bearing 304 stainless steel are much better compared to that of 304 steel at the angles of 0°, 45°, and 90° to rolling direction. The phenomenon of high Schmid factor grains surrounding low Schmid factor occurs in austenitic stainless steel, and the average Schmid factor of grains in {111} <110> slip system increases with the increase of Ag content, and the proportion of grains in “soft orientation” increases. Under the given loading stress, Ag-bearing austenitic stainless steel is more prone to deformation.

Key words： Ag-bearing austenitic stainless steel occurrence trace of Ag mechanical property recrystallization grain orientation

收稿日期: 2022-10-08

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:上海市军民融合发展专项资金项目(2020-jmrh1-kj31)

通讯作者: 彭伟，PengWei1688@shu.edu.cn，主要从事钢铁材料基础研究与工程技术研发工作

Corresponding author: PENG Wei, associate professor, Tel: 17621133366, E-mall: PengWei1688@shu.edu.cn

作者简介: 江浩文，男，1998年生，硕士生

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表1 不同Ag含量不锈钢的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 拉伸试样示意图

图2 不同Ag含量不锈钢的XRD谱

图3 不同Ag含量不锈钢的OM像

图4 304Ag-1和304Ag-2不锈钢的SEM像

表2 图4中颗粒A~D的EDS结果 (mass fraction / %)

图5 304Ag-2不锈钢的SEM像和EDS面扫描结果

图6 304Ag-2不锈钢含Ag颗粒成分二次离子质谱(SIMS)

图7 304Ag-1和304Ag-2不锈钢表面SIMS二维元素分布图

图8 不同Ag含量不锈钢沿不同方向的工程应力-应变曲线

表3 不同Ag含量不锈钢在不同拉伸方向的力学性能

图9 不同Ag含量不锈钢轧向(RD)、横向(TD)和法向(ND)的反极图

图10 不同Ag含量不锈钢在{111}〈110〉滑移系下的晶粒Schmid因子分布

图11 不同Ag含量不锈钢在{111}〈110〉滑移系下晶粒Schmid因子频率分布直方图

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