<strong>GCr15</strong>钢滚动轴承疲劳剥落失效过程中一种针状相的形成

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00005

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (4): 425-433 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00005

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

GCr15钢滚动轴承疲劳剥落失效过程中一种针状相的形成

程胜¹^,², 孙阳¹^,³, 赵文辉³, 栾义坤¹^,², 郑成武¹^,²(

), 李殿中¹(

)

1 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
2 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
3 沈阳工业大学机械工程学院沈阳 110870

Formation of a Needle-Like Structure when Surface Flaking Occurs During the Rolling Contact Fatigue of a GCr15 Bearing

CHENG Sheng¹^,², SUN Yang¹^,³, ZHAO Wenhui³, LUAN Yikun¹^,², ZHENG Chengwu¹^,²(

), LI Dianzhong¹(

)

1 Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China

引用本文:

程胜, 孙阳, 赵文辉, 栾义坤, 郑成武, 李殿中. GCr15钢滚动轴承疲劳剥落失效过程中一种针状相的形成[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 425-433.
Sheng CHENG, Yang SUN, Wenhui ZHAO, Yikun LUAN, Chengwu ZHENG, Dianzhong LI. Formation of a Needle-Like Structure when Surface Flaking Occurs During the Rolling Contact Fatigue of a GCr15 Bearing[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(4): 425-433.

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摘要:

在发生表面剥落的GCr15钢滚动轴承的表面裂纹附近发现了一种针状相，利用SEM、透射Kikuchi衍射(TKD)和TEM等表征手段研究了这种针状相的微观特征，分析了这种针状相的形成机理及其与表面裂纹的相互作用。结果表明，在GCr15钢滚动轴承表面诱发的裂纹附近所形成的针状相是一种特殊的马氏体退化组织。这种针状相是因局部应力作用而形成的细长条状组织，其三维形貌为薄板状，内部存在微观孔洞和等轴状纳米晶。在滚动接触疲劳过程中，表面裂纹会优先沿针状相的微观孔洞扩展，使针状相的形成与表面裂纹的扩展相互促进，加速了轴承表面疲劳剥落的发生。

关键词 ： GCr15钢, 滚动接触疲劳, 表面裂纹, 针状相

Abstract：

As a form of damage caused by rolling contact, rolling contact fatigue (RCF) can lead to early pitting and flaking on the raceway surface of bearings, which is frequently accompanied by the propagation and fracture of RCF cracks. When the RCF crack is initiated on the raceway surface, large amount of stress, e.g., fluid pressurization, may be exerted close to the crack faces, which can not only accelerate the crack growth and cause rapid failure of the bearing but also lead to local microstructural alternations in the bearing steel. In this study, a needle-like structure was observed close to the cracks with flaking occurring during RCF in a GCr15 rolling bearing. The microstructures of the needle-like structure were analyzed via SEM, transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD), and TEM to elucidate its microstructural constitutions and characteristics. Results illustrated that the needle-like structure is a thin plate in three dimension decorated with some microvoids and equiaxed ferrite nanocrystalline formed at the interfaces. The formation of the needle-like structure was attributed to the local stress exerted close to the crack surface during the RCF of the bearings. This structure may be a type of decayed microstructure of the martensitic matrix of the bearing steel. With the increasing RCF stress cycles, the microvoids in the needle-like structure may facilitate the initiation and propagation of surface cracks preferentially, thus accelerating the occurrence of surface fatigue flaking in the bearing.

Key words： GCr15 bearing steel rolling contact fatigue surface crack needle-like structure

收稿日期: 2023-01-01

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52031013);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(XDC04040203)

通讯作者: 郑成武，cwzheng@imr.ac.cn，主要从事先进钢铁微观组织与转变机理研究;
李殿中，dzli@imr.ac.cn，主要从事特殊钢与特殊钢构件研究

Corresponding author: ZHENG Chengwu, professor, Tel:(024)23971973, E-mail:cwzheng@imr.ac.cn;
LI Dianzhong, professor, Tel:(024)23971281, E-mail:dzli@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 程胜，男，1998年生，博士生

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图1 GCr15钢失效轴承滚道接触表面及横截面疲劳剥落的形貌

图2 聚焦离子束(FIB)制备含有针状相的TEM试样

图3 GCr15钢失效轴承表面剥落截面的OM像

图4 针状相的SEM像及其垂直截面的TEM像

图5 针状相内部微观结构的TEM分析

图6 针状相不同位置的TEM明场像、选区电子衍射(SAED)花样和透射菊池衍射(TKD)像

图7 单一针状相内部微观结构的TEM像

图8 针状相的三维结构示意图

图9 滚动接触疲劳过程中针状相近邻表面裂纹形成的示意图

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