<strong>CMT</strong>增材制造<strong>TC4-DT</strong>合金组织均匀性与力学性能一致性研究

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00104

金属学报

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (12): 1667-1680 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00104

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

CMT增材制造TC4-DT合金组织均匀性与力学性能一致性研究

杜子杰¹^,², 李文渊²(

), 刘建荣², 锁红波³, 王清江²

1 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
2 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
3 青岛卓思三维智造技术有限公司青岛 266109

Study on the Uniformity of Structure and Mechanical Properties of TC4-DT Alloy Deposited by CMT Process

DU Zijie¹^,², LI Wenyuan²(

), LIU Jianrong², SUO Hongbo³, WANG Qingjiang²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3 Qingdao JointX Intelligent Manufacturing Limited, Qingdao 266109, China

引用本文:

杜子杰, 李文渊, 刘建荣, 锁红波, 王清江. CMT增材制造TC4-DT合金组织均匀性与力学性能一致性研究[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(12): 1667-1680.
Zijie DU, Wenyuan LI, Jianrong LIU, Hongbo SUO, Qingjiang WANG. Study on the Uniformity of Structure and Mechanical Properties of TC4-DT Alloy Deposited by CMT Process[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(12): 1667-1680.

全文: PDF(7538 KB) HTML

摘要:

研究了采用多道搭接形式冷金属过渡(CMT)增材制造的TC4-DT合金试块不同区域的宏观、微观组织和晶体取向差异，及其对力学性能的影响。低倍组织观察表明，堆积试块底部由尺寸较小的柱状晶和等轴晶组成，随着沉积高度的增加，转变为粗大的等轴晶，层界线呈弧形并在搭接区交叠。堆积区高倍组织主要由编织状α板条组成，搭接线两侧为细编织状组织、粗大的α片层组织和粗编织状组织组成的混合组织。普通堆积区存在由{001}_β//Z丝织构转变形成的α转变织构。搭接区由于热传导的复杂性，还存在由{001}_β与Z方向呈22.5°~67.5°的丝织构转变而成的α转变织构。EBSD分析显示，搭接线处存在<0001>_α//X方向的强织构，使得搭接线处柱面滑移和基面滑移Schmid因子均比较小，阻碍位错滑移，结合Hall-Petch关系分析表明，原始β晶界和搭接线是影响力学性能一致性的主要因素，在2种因素的共同作用下，各区域的平均有效位错滑移程呈现以下关系：搭接区<普通堆积区底部<普通堆积区顶部，导致不同区域屈服强度具有以下关系：搭接区>普通堆积区底部>普通堆积区顶部。

关键词 ：冷金属过渡电弧熔丝增材制造, TC4-DT钛合金, 组织均匀性, 织构, 力学性能一致性

Abstract：

TC4-DT alloy is developed based on TC4 alloy, with medium strength and high damage-tolerance, showing a great promise to be widely used in aerospace field. However, the traditional method to fabricate large and complicated parts has the problems of hot working difficulty, long processing cycle, low "buy-to-fly" ratio and high-cost. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is a good alternative and has been used to manufacture titanium parts since year 2006. Compared to other AM technologies, cold metal transfer mode wire and arc additive manufacturing (CMT WAAM), as a kind of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) technology, has several advantages like simple structure, good spatial accessibility and high efficiency. In this study, a TC4-DT deposit was fabricated by CMT WAAM method. The macrostructure and microstructure, texture, and tensile properties in the overlapping zone and ordinary deposition zone were investigated and compared. The bottom of the ordinary deposition zone consisted of columnar and equiaxed prior β grains, and in higher zone the coarse equiaxed prior β grains were in the majority. The microstructure of the ordinary deposition zone was mainly characterized by basketweave α phase platelets. Microstructure of both sides of the overlapping line was characterized by a mixture of fine basketweave, lamellar and coarse basketweave α phase due to temperature gradient. Transformed α texture from {001}_β//Z silk texture existed in different zones, and the texture of overlapping zone was complicated due to the complexity of heat dissipation conditions, including transformed α texture and other complicated texture. EBSD results showed that there was a strong <0001>_α//X texture at the overlapping line, resulting in low Schmid factors for both prismatic slip and basal slip at the overlapping line, hindering the slip of dislocation. Combined with the Hall-Petch relationship, it was concluded that the prior β grain boundary and the overlapping line were main factors affecting the uniformity of mechanical properties. The average effective dislocation slip distances in different zones had the following relationship: overlapping zone<bottom of the ordinary deposition zone<top of the ordinary deposition zone, leading to different yield strengths in different zones of the ordinary deposition zone.

Key words： CMT WAAM TC4-DT titanium alloy uniformity of microstructure texture uniformity of mechanical property

收稿日期: 2020-04-01

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

作者简介: 杜子杰，男，1995年生，硕士

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图1 堆积路径示意图和试块示意图Color online

图2 室温拉伸实验板状拉伸试样、取样位置及拉伸变形行为研究观察选区

图3 冷金属过渡(CMT)成形TC4-DT合金试块低倍组织(a) macrostructure of the integrated sample(b) local macrostructure of the overlapping zone(c) local macrostructure of the top of the ordinary deposition zone(d) local macrostructure of the bottom of the ordinary deposition zone

图4 CMT成形TC4-DT合金试块普通堆积区高倍组织

图5 CMT成形TC4-DT合金试块搭接区高倍组织(a, b) overlapping zone with different magnifications(c, d) microstructures above (c) and below (d) the overlapping line

图6 CMT成形TC4-DT合金试块不同区域的X方向反极图(IPF-X)Color online(a) the overlapping zone (b) top of the ordinary deposition zone (c) bottom of the ordinary deposition zone

表1 不同取样位置室温拉伸性能

图7 不同拉伸试样的真应力-应变曲线

表2 Hollomon方程拟合结果

图8 不同取样位置拉伸断口形貌

图9 不同取样位置试样断口侧面形貌

图10 D试样在1%塑性变形后不同选区的激光共聚焦高度图Color online(a) overlapping lines (b) 1st area on the ordinary deposition zone (c) 2nd area on the ordinary deposition zone

图11 D试样在1%塑性变形后不同选区的滑移形貌、EBSD取向图及转变α相反极图Color online(a~c) overlapping lines(d~f) 1st area on the ordinary deposition zone(g~i) 2nd area on the ordinary deposition zone

图12 搭接区组织分区及最快散热方向示意图

图13 D试样1%塑性变形后不同EBSD选区内残留β相{100}极图Color online(a) overlapping lines (b) 1st area on the ordinary deposition zone (c) 2nd area on the ordinary deposition zone

图14 CMT成形TC4-DT试块不同区域的滑移程示意图

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