三联熔炼<strong>GH4169</strong>合金大规格铸锭与棒材元素偏析行为

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00101

金属学报

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (8): 1123-1132 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00101

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

三联熔炼GH4169合金大规格铸锭与棒材元素偏析行为

张勇¹, 李鑫旭¹, 韦康¹, 韦建环¹, 王涛¹, 贾崇林¹, 李钊¹, 马宗青²(

)

1 中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进高温结构材料重点实验室北京 100095
2 天津大学材料科学与工程学院天津 300354

Element Segregation in GH4169 Superalloy Large-Scale Ingot and Billet Manufactured by Triple-Melting

ZHANG Yong¹, LI Xinxu¹, WEI Kang¹, WEI Jianhuan¹, WANG Tao¹, JIA Chonglin¹, LI Zhao¹, MA Zongqing²(

)

1 Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China

引用本文:

张勇, 李鑫旭, 韦康, 韦建环, 王涛, 贾崇林, 李钊, 马宗青. 三联熔炼GH4169合金大规格铸锭与棒材元素偏析行为[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(8): 1123-1132.
Yong ZHANG, Xinxu LI, Kang WEI, Jianhuan WEI, Tao WANG, Chonglin JIA, Zhao LI, Zongqing MA. Element Segregation in GH4169 Superalloy Large-Scale Ingot and Billet Manufactured by Triple-Melting[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(8): 1123-1132.

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摘要:

采用真空感应熔炼+保护气氛电渣重熔+真空自耗重熔三联熔炼方法制备大规格GH4169合金铸锭，利用SEM、TEM、EPMA和EDS分析了大规格GH4169高温合金自耗锭(直径508 mm)与棒材(直径240 mm)不同部位的典型元素含量和析出相特征。结果表明：大规格铸锭中Al元素偏析程度较轻，而Nb、Ti和Mo元素偏析较重，枝晶间凝固时析出较多的MC相、Laves相和δ相等。经过两阶段高温均匀化处理和开坯锻造后，GH4169棒材内无“黑斑”、“白斑”等宏观偏析，元素微观偏析也被基本消除。结合计算仿真，进一步对比分析了三联熔炼GH4169与Inconel 718合金棒材的化学成分均匀性，发现国产GH4169存在元素的区域偏析，其棒材的典型元素样本方差值(能够体现区域元素偏析程度)与Inconel 718棒材相比存在差距。这种区域元素偏析对国产三联熔炼GH4169棒材的力学性能(如硬度等)波动性造成一定程度的影响。通过精细控制熔炼过程参数，优化均匀化热处理和锻造工艺，有助于进一步降低GH4169合金大规格棒材的区域元素偏析。

关键词 ： GH4169, 三联熔炼, 变形高温合金, 元素偏析

Abstract：

GH4169 has the advantage of excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, good oxidation and corrosion resistance, etc., which have been widely used in aero engine with the largest consumption. The GH4169 parts include high pressure compressor disk, turbine disk, shaft, gearbox and forged blade, et al. With the development of technology and the requirement of cost reducing, the size of GH4169 ingot and billet increases gradually at home and abroad. However, element segregation becomes more and more severe as the size of GH4169 ingot and billet increases, which will significantly degrade their mechanical properties. In this work, the large-scale GH4169 superalloy ingot (diameter 508 mm) was prepared by triple smelting, vacuum induction melting (VIM)+electro sag remelting (ESR)+vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Then, large-scale GH4169 billet (diameter 240 mm) was obtained from this prepared ingot via two-step high temperature homogenization heat treatment and cogging-forging. The element composition and microstructure at different positions of these large-scale ingot and billet were analyzed by SEM, TEM, EPMA and EDS. The results show that the segregation degree of element Al in GH4169 ingot is small, while those of elements Nb, Ti and Mo are large. Moreover, a lot of secondary phases were precipitated at the interdendritic regions of GH4169 ingot, including MC, Laves and δ phase. In the GH4169 billet prepared in our work, no "freckle" or "white spot" macro segregation was recognized, and the micro-element segregation was eliminated. Furthermore, combined with computational simulation, the chemical composition uniformity and main mechanical properties of GH4169 and Inconel 718 billets were compared. The statistical analysis using sample variance of macro chemical composition shows that the uniformity of chemical composition in GH4169 billet produced by different manufactures is different. The regional element segregation results in some vacillation on the mechanical properties of GH4169 billet. It is proposed that this regional element segregation can be further depressed by elaborately controlling the triple melting process and optimizing the homogenization heat treatment and forging process.

Key words： GH4169 triple smelting wrought superalloy element segregation

收稿日期: 2020-03-28

ZTFLH:

TG113.12

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51822404);科工局GH4169合金319专项(XXZX-16-00X);天津市重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(18YFZCGX00070)

作者简介: 张勇，男，1976年生，高级工程师

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00101 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V56/I8/1123

表1 三联熔炼GH4169和Inconel 718合金棒材主要化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 GH4169合金自耗锭不同部位枝晶组织的SEM像

表2 GH4169合金自耗锭不同部位元素分布 (mass fraction / %)

表3 GH4169合金自耗锭不同部位元素偏析系数(k)

图2 GH4169合金自耗锭中心部位析出相的EPMA像和SEM像

表4 GH4169合金自耗锭析出相化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图3 GH4169合金自耗锭中心部位SEM像和元素分布

图4 GH4169合金自耗锭中典型元素Nb、Mo、Al、Ti分布的计算结果

图5 GH4169合金自耗锭高温均匀化后成分分布计算结果

图6 GH4169棒材TEM分析

图7 GH4169棒材典型合金元素分布

图8 GH4169棒材不同位置微观组织的SEM像

表5 利用EPMA测定的GH4169棒材不同部位的元素分布 (mass fraction / %)

图9 棒材横截面不同部位元素测定方法及GH4169棒材与Inconel 718棒材典型元素标准偏差计算结果

图10 GH4169和Inconel 718棒材不同部位硬度

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