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金属学报  2018, Vol. 54 Issue (3): 385-392    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00210
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
Ni-Fe-Cr合金固溶处理后的组织变化及其对性能的影响
陈胜虎(), 戎利建
中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室 沈阳 110016
Microstructure Evolution During Solution Treatment and Its Effects on the Properties of Ni-Fe-Cr Alloy
Shenghu CHEN(), Lijian RONG
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
引用本文:

陈胜虎, 戎利建. Ni-Fe-Cr合金固溶处理后的组织变化及其对性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(3): 385-392.
Shenghu CHEN, Lijian RONG. Microstructure Evolution During Solution Treatment and Its Effects on the Properties of Ni-Fe-Cr Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(3): 385-392.

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摘要: 

采用OM和SEM研究了不同C含量Ni-Fe-Cr合金在950~1050 ℃固溶后的组织变化及其对拉伸性能和晶间腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,C含量的变化影响固溶处理过程中碳化物的回溶行为和晶粒尺寸,从而造成不同C含量合金力学性能和晶间腐蚀性能的差异。C含量为0.010% (质量分数)时,950 ℃固溶处理可使热加工过程中产生的M23C6碳化物完全回溶,并获得平均晶粒尺寸约38 μm的等轴晶组织;C含量增加到0.026%时,固溶温度提高至1000 ℃可使M23C6碳化物完全回溶,获得平均晶粒尺寸约42 μm的等轴晶组织;C含量在0.010%~0.026%范围内,合金具有较低的晶间腐蚀敏感性,随C含量增加合金的强度升高,延伸率基本没有变化;C含量为0.056%时,1050 ℃固溶处理后,局部区域仍存在未回溶的碳化物,碳化物阻碍晶界迁移使晶粒长大缓慢,造成晶粒尺寸不均匀。同时,未回溶碳化物的存在使合金的强度略有提高,但延伸率降低;未回溶碳化物造成碳化物/基体界面处贫Cr区的出现,显著增加了合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性。

关键词 Ni-Fe-Cr合金固溶处理碳化物拉伸性能晶间腐蚀    
Abstract

Ni-Fe-Cr alloys have been widely used for petrochemical, chemical and nuclear application due to their superior corrosion resistance and good workability. Nowadays, Ni-Fe-Cr alloys with higher strength are demanded for the engineering application. Increasing the carbon content could enhance the strength of Ni-Fe-Cr alloys due to the solid-solution strengthening effect of interstitial carbon atoms. However, an increase in the carbon content would promote the precipitation of carbides, which would reduce the corrosion resistance. In order to optimize the carbon content and determine the solution treatment, microstructure evolution during solution treatment and its effects on the properties of Ni-Fe-Cr alloys with different carbon content were investigated using OM and SEM. The results show that variation in carbon content affects the carbide dissolution and grain size during solution treatment, which affects the mechanical properties and intergranular corrosion susceptibility of Ni-Fe-Cr alloys. For the Ni-Fe-Cr alloy with carbon content of 0.010%, M23C6 carbides produced during the hot-working process do not exist after solution treatment at 950 ℃. For the alloy with carbon content of 0.026%, M23C6 carbides are dissolved into the matrix when the solution temperature increases to 1000 ℃. An increase in the carbon content from 0.010% to 0.026% results in an increased tensile strength and has slightly observable effect on the elongation. The alloys with the carbon content in the range of 0.010%~0.026% have lower intergranular corrosion susceptibility. As the carbon content increases to 0.056%, M23C6 carbides could not be dissolved even at the solution temperature of 1050 ℃, and inhomogenous grain-size distribution is observed. The presence of undissolved M23C6 carbide weakens the solid-solution strengthening effect of carbon atoms, and significantly increases the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion.

Key wordsNi-Fe-Cr alloy    solution treatment    carbide    tensile property    intergranular corrosion
收稿日期: 2017-06-01     
基金资助:资助项目 国家自然科学基金项目No.51401215
作者简介:

作者简介 陈胜虎,男,1986年生,副研究员,博士

Alloy Ni Cr Ti Mo Cu Si Al C Mn S P Fe
C1 37.8 22.2 0.79 3.15 1.80 0.43 0.11 0.010 0.62 0.004 0.014 Bal.
C2 37.8 22.3 0.82 3.14 1.77 0.44 0.12 0.026 0.61 0.002 0.017 Bal.
C3 37.9 22.2 0.81 3.13 1.80 0.43 0.13 0.056 0.61 0.002 0.014 Bal.
表1  合金的化学成分
图1  950 ℃固溶处理后合金的微观组织
图2  C3合金中碳化物形貌和EDS分析
图3  1000 oC固溶处理后C2和C3合金的微观组织
图4  1050 ℃固溶处理后C3合金的微观组织
图5  固溶态合金的拉伸断口形貌
Alloy Solution temperature Yield strength Ultimate strength Elongation
MPa MPa %
C1 950 274 559 52.0
C2 1000 291 631 51.5
C3 1050 313 647 48.0
表2  不同C含量合金的室温拉伸性能
图6  固溶态合金晶间腐蚀后的表面形貌
图7  C含量对Ni-Fe-Cr合金平衡相图的影响
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