无模板电沉积金属微纳米阵列材料研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00522

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (4): 486-502 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00522

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

无模板电沉积金属微纳米阵列材料研究进展

杭弢, 薛琦, 李明(

)

上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200240

A Review on Metal Micro-Nanostructured Array Materials Routed by Template-Free Electrodeposition

HANG Tao, XUE Qi, LI Ming(

)

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

引用本文:

杭弢, 薛琦, 李明. 无模板电沉积金属微纳米阵列材料研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(4): 486-502.
Tao HANG, Qi XUE, Ming LI. A Review on Metal Micro-Nanostructured Array Materials Routed by Template-Free Electrodeposition[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(4): 486-502.

全文: PDF(5916 KB) HTML

摘要:

金属微纳米阵列材料以其独特的结构和物理化学性质，被广泛应用于电子、能源及生物等领域。无模板电沉积制备金属微纳米阵列材料具有形状尺寸可控性高、制备成本低、可大规模生产等优点，有广阔的应用前景。本文结合作者实验室近年来的研究工作，对无模板电沉积制备金属微纳米阵列材料的研究进行了系统总结，分别从无模板电沉积方法、金属微纳米阵列材料的研究现状和形成机理、金属微纳米阵列材料在各领域的应用现状及未来展望等方面进行了介绍和评述，以期对本领域未来的研究工作给予借鉴和启迪，从而进一步推动无模板电沉积金属微纳米阵列材料的应用与发展。

关键词 ：无模板, 电沉积, 金属, 微纳米阵列

Abstract：

Due to their unique structure and physicochemical properties, metal micro-nanostructured array materials are commonly used in optics, magnetism, electricity, catalysis, and other fields. The preparation of metal micro-nanostructured array materials by electrochemical technology has the advantages of high controllability, simple preparation without a template, and large-scale production, giving it broad application prospects. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress in the field of preparing metal micro-nanostructured array materials using electrochemical technology, combining recent work by the author's team. Furthermore, this review also introduces and comments on the feasibility of electrochemical methods without a template, the research status and formation mechanism of metal micro-nanostructured array materials, the application status of metal micro-nanostructured array in various fields, and future development challenges. This review is expected to serve as a useful source of reference and educational tool for future research in this field, thereby promoting the application and development of this template-free electrodeposition method.

Key words： template-free electrodeposition metal micro-nanostructured array

收稿日期: 2021-12-01

ZTFLH:

TQ153

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(21972091)

作者简介: 杭弢，男，1982年生，教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00522 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I4/486

图1 不同晶面生长速率不同时的晶体生长，及结晶调整剂对纳米针锥长径比的作用机理

图2 电沉积制备的Ni[14]、Co[15]、Cu[17]、Ni-Co[16]金属纳米针锥阵列材料，及金属Ni纳米针锥阵列的形成机制示意图

图3 电化学沉积制备金属Ag[31,32]、Co[22,33]、Pd[34]、Rh[36]纳米片阵列材料

图4 电沉积制备金属Pd[43]、Pd-Ni[44]、Co[45]、Cu[46]纳米线结构及金属Pd纳米棒阵列[47]

图5 电化学沉积制备Pt[48,49]、Au[51]、Ag[52,53]、Bi[54]纳米花阵列材料，及Pt纳米花形成机理示意图[49]

图6 电沉积Ni纳米针锥阵列以及Ni-Si核壳纳米针锥阵列[61]，电沉积制备的Ni纳米针锥以及Ni-Si复合多级结构示意图[63]，电沉积制备的Co纳米山阵列及Co-Si三维纳米山阵列电极[64]

图7 Cu-Ni纳米针锥分级阵列结构以及3种不同组分Cu-Ni纳米针锥分级结构和平面Ni的Tafel曲线[75]，及Pt纳米花(曲线a)和Pt纳米晶(曲线b)在甲醇溶液中的循环伏安曲线和计时电位曲线[48]

图8 电沉积制备的Au纳米花的超疏水特性[51]，Au-Ni纳米针锥阵列结构的超疏水特性[85]，及不同针锥高度下的镍纳米针锥润湿特性和4种不同表面的润湿性示意图[80]

图9 微纳米阵列材料(Ag纳米片、Ag纳米花、Au NP@Ni NC以及Au NB@Ni NC)的SEM像和SERS研究[38,53,60,89]

图10 微纳米阵列(纳米Ni针锥阵列预镀钯(Pd PPF)，微纳米Ni、Cu、Cu-Ni针锥阵列，单层石墨烯复合微纳米Cu针锥阵列，Au-Ni纳米针锥阵列)与封装树脂、镀锡帽铜柱、焊料、Au线键合示意图及键合界面SEM像[90~93,96,97]

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